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Tag: "controlling" at biology news

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...e expression in association with specific networks controlling feeding or defensive reflexes in the sea slug. To ...uman neurological diseases and more than 600 genes controlling development, confirming that molecular and genomic events underlying key neuronal functions were dev...

Better sludge through metagenomics

...d it will lead to major advances in optimizing and controlling the EBPR wastewater treatment process," McMahon said. "In particular, it makes possible further research into why some wastewater treatment plants occasionally fail. These failures often result in serious pollution of lakes, rivers, and estuaries." ...

A simple feedback resistor switch keeps latent HIV from awakening

... further supporting the role of Tat acetylation in controlling viral dormancy. Finally, simulations under noisy conditions predicted that this simple resistor system was better able to resist environmental fluctuations than hypothetical oligomer-dependent switches, and cell-sorting experiments confirmed this pre...

Molecular 'on/off switch' controls immune defenses against viruses

...g partners, including LGP2, acting as a switch for controlling immune response, Dr. Gale said. "Hepatitis C and others viruses hijack this signaling pathway to stop immune defenses," he said. His research team and others are working to design novel therapeutics and drugs that could mimic viral effects on R...

New target for cancer therapy identified

...re to proliferate. Telomerase plays a key role in controlling the life span of cells by modifying structures called telomeres that are found at the end of chromosomes. Although it is involved in tumour development, telomerase is also found in modest quantities in most cells. It is plentiful in stem cells where...

Changing length of days reverses how estrogen affects aggressiveness in mice

...e aggressive. This showed that estrogen was indeed controlling levels of aggression in these mice. But the researchers went further and identified the mechanisms that may underlie how the length of daylight affects the way estrogen works to either increase or decrease aggression. "It is well known that gen...

Quality not quantity important for immune response to HIV

... immune response, the more effective it will be in controlling HIV," says Professor Philip Goulder, a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Clinical Science at the University of Oxford. "However, our study suggests that this might not be the case. While most of the immune responses generated against HIV appea...

High HPV concentrations combined with smoking significantly raise risks of cervical cancer

...levels of certain cytokines, which are involved in controlling abnormal cell growth. More likely, the combination of both mechanisms are contributory factors. In any event, confirmation of an interaction between cigarette smoking and HPV in cervical cancer development is of vital importance to public health, ...

Jefferson scientists find high glucose before surgery raises risk of dangerous complications

...e trial. He would like to next find out whether controlling blood sugar before and during surgery could actually result in a lower risk of blood clots and pulmonary embolism. He also would like to explore some of the potential physiological mechanisms related to increased blood glucose and blood clotting. ...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

..., a part of the brain essential for monitoring and controlling behavior," said Rita Goldstein, a psychologist at Brookhaven Lab. "These results also attest to the benefit of using sophisticated brain-imaging tools combined with sensitive behavioral, cognitive, and emotional probes to optimize the study of drug a...

Comparing chimp, human DNA

...l, but many are located close to genes involved in controlling when other genes get made, or in growth and development. "They're not in genes, but they're near genes that do some very important stuff," Pollard said. Typically, noncoding regions of DNA evolve more rapidly than regions carrying genes, as the...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

...still reproducing, and the drug isn't effective at controlling growth. The problem is how to measure the amount of fluorescence, to quantify how much the cells are growing. Fluorescing cells don't look very bright in the well, because they grow as a thin film layer that is essentially two-dimensional. Researche...

Edge density key to controlling gypsy moth spread

...y, the containment program for gypsy moths aims at controlling outbreaks outside the current population boundarie...e, than this same plan of containment might aid in controlling a variety of pests. ...

Novel regulatory mechanism identified for key tumor suppressor p53

...he journal Nature. "The p53 protein is vital for controlling cancer throughout the body," says Shelley L. Berger, Ph.D., the Hilary Koprowski Professor at The Wistar Institute and senior author on the study. "The new mechanism we describe, driven by a previously unknown enzyme, represses the p53 protein when i...

Did 'ABCs' cause Uganda's fall in HIV rates?

...ill allow young women to focus on going to school, controlling their relationships, and becoming socially empowered. Yet the reality for many young women in Uganda, they say, is that social circumstances drive them into transactional or commercial sex to pay for, among other things, schooling or gaining financi...

Plant-derived molecules, genetic manipulation point to future chemoprevention methods

...olons. Since IGF-1--in addition to its role in controlling the maximal, final growth of a young adult animal--also inhibits programmed cell death and stimulates colon epithelial cells, the scientists tested IGF-deficient mice for these cancer-causing characteristics. In fact, deficient mice had a decrease in...

Pourquié lab identifies genes involved in formation of vertebral precursors

...mplication of a large network of genes involved in controlling the periodicity of the production of vertebral precursors in the embryo," said Dr. Pourquié. "I'm excited about this work because mutation of the genes involved in the segmentation clock oscillator can cause crippling diseases in humans, such a...

From a lowly yeast, researchers divine a clue to human disease

...ic Health. A host of proteins are responsible for controlling which genetic messages are read and how much of the information is used. Working with yeast, Brow and his colleagues show that a protein called Sen1 plays an important early role in this process. Mutations in the human version of Sen1 are linked t...

Ebola-outbreak kills 5000 gorillas

The study also provides new hope for controlling the devastating impact of Ebola on wild gorilla and chimpanzee populations. Since reports of ape die-offs first circulated widely in 2003, sceptics have doubted how large these die-offs were and whether Ebola was even the cause. The new study, led by...

Virus may control Australia's

...a ?are investigating Koi herpesvirus as a means of controlling the introduced fish. Project leader Dr Mark Cran...nvestigate the effectiveness of Koi herpesvirus in controlling strains of carp present in Australia and will examine whether the virus will have any impact on cert...

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