Salmonella survives better in stomach due to altered DNA
... of the world. This research was funded by NWO and contributes to knowledge about the characteristics and behaviour of this dangerous Salmonella....Vaccine to cope with viral diversity in HIV
...y and acquire mutations to escape immune pressures contributes to our difficulties in producing a vaccine. David Nickle et al present here an efficient algorithm to develop vaccines that cope with the diversity of HIV or other variable pathogens. This computational method clarifies and analyzes the variation fo...Cells use 'noise' to make cell-fate decisions
... biological process. Randomness in those reactions contributes to biological noise, technically referred to as stochastic fluctuations. "Noise in biological systems is a fact of life," said Dr. Süel, a member of the systems biology division of the Cecil H. and Ida Green Comprehensive Center for Molecular, Com...Tumor cells evade death through autophagy
...therapy and radiation, but it is not known if this contributes to tumor cell death or helps tumor cells survive the anti-cancer therapy. However, in a study using a mouse model of B cell lymphomas, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have now shown that autophagy represents a survival mechanism for t...Tracing broken wiring in stroke patients
...also enabled new insights into how this disruption contributes to spatial neglect. Particularly important was that the FC MRI studies showed that the lower the functional connectivity of these regions, the more impaired the patients were in perceiving the neglected region of their visual field, said the resea...Shedding new light on proteorhodopsin
...ses. "Our research shows that proteorhodopsin contributes to a bacterial cell's energy balance only under certain environmental conditions, namely when the cell's ability to respire has been impaired," said Jan Liphardt, a biophysicist who holds a joint appointment as a Divisional Fellow in Berkeley Lab's P...New technologies coming too fast for Indian farmers
...o recognize the varying seeds being sold at market contributes to those woes. The farmers' desire for novelty leads to rapid turnover in the seed market. Seed firms frequently take seeds that have become less popular, rename them and sell them with new marketing campaigns, Stone says. "Many different brands ar...Stem cells act through multiple mechanisms to benefit mice with neurodegenerative disease
...erative diseases, including Sandhoff's, and likely contributes to disease progression. "Our studies suggest that functional neuronal replacement can be complemented and, under some conditions, eclipsed by a range of other stem cell actions that nevertheless exert a number of critical stabilizing f...Male reindeer inflate a large air sac in the neck region to emit their hoarse rutting calls
...unication the air sac individualizes the calls and contributes to individual recognition. ...Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage
...ty. Many scientists believe that the phenomenon contributes to injury from stroke and from traumatic brain injury as well as migraine. While it’s been widely recognized that CSD underlies some migraines, Nedergaard’s team linked the phenomenon for the first time to both severe hypoxia and to damage to brai...Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain
...avior and processing emotions, but exactly what it contributes has not been known. “What we’re suggesting is when you start thinking in words about your emotions —labeling emotions — that might be part of what the right ventrolateral region is responsible for,” Lieberman said. If a friend or loved one is s...Gene responsible for common hearing loss identified for first time
...ch the variant is located points to a pathway that contributes to the disease. This may be a lead for better forms of treatment in the future; currently the best option is an operation. However, there is often an additional component of hearing loss which can’t be restored by surgery. As the gene involved is a g...Microbes at work cleaning up the environment
... the scientists were able to study whether protein contributes to the formation of densely aggregated nanoparticulate zinc sulfide spheroids. They also studied whether various amino acids induce rapid aggregation in metal-sulfide nanoparticles. The answer was yes in both cases. “This demonstrates an ex...Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance
..., and then express in yeast, a protozoan gene that contributes to such resistance. And it was no small feat. The gene they laboriously constructed over a two-year period is believed to be the largest synthetic one ever built, and it successfully produces large quantities of the encoded protein, whose function ca...Researchers find 24 species believed new to science in Suriname rainforest
... Cutting and burning tropical forests worldwide contributes 20 percent of the total carbon emissions into the atmosphere, more than all the world’s cars and trucks, making conservation of the Amazon rainforest a crucial strategy for minimizing climate change. The burgeoning global carbon market creates new ec...