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Tag: "conserved" at biology news

Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp

...reater rate than salt in river-water, to one which conserved water relative to salt in lake-water," explain the researchers. Long-term lake-water-acclimated fish also adjust by actively feeding and have much larger fat stores, the researchers found. In contrast, migrating river fish are anorexic, relying on...

'Nymph of the sea' reveals remarkable brood

...iod of geological time, and indicates a remarkably conserved egg brooding reproductive strategy."...

Molecular mechanism provides intra-cellular traffic signal

...malian cells, together with the fact that TRAPP is conserved in evolution from yeast to man, lead her to believe the entire coordinated switching mechanism is universal. ...

Advance helps explain stem cell behavior

...important and fundamental to life that it has been conserved through millions of years of evolution, and is largely the same among vertebrate animal species, whether they are fish, horses, mice or humans. Once the process is more fully understood, it should be much more feasible to influence and control it, ...

Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm

...nome compaction are evolutionarily ancient, highly conserved in species whose lineages diverged long ago. A report on the new study appears in the September 15 issue of Genes & Development. A "Perspectives" review in the same issue expands on the significance of the findings. "This molecular mark is requ...

Comparing chimp, human DNA

...ssler looked for stretches of DNA that were highly conserved between chimpanzees, mice and rats. Then they comp...ting. But the human-accelerated regions are highly conserved across the other groups of animals the researchers looked at, suggesting that they do have important...

Worms produce surprise insight into human fever

... proteins in mammal cells, including ours. These conserved pathways are involved in many similar “effector?st...lonization of the intestine. In dissecting two conserved pathways required for C. elegans immunity to bacteria, Aballay found a wealth of data on innate immu...

Using nature's most primitive anti-viral defense system to find new approaches to cancer research

...models of metastasis, we expect to identify novel, conserved proteins involved in cell migration and invasion, some of which could prove to be good anti-cancer drug targets." According to Dr Mark Matfield, AICR's scientific adviser: "Metastasis of tumours (the spread of cancer cells around the body) is the...

Mapping the mouse genome

...CT, corresponding to mouse jungles and deserts was conserved among rats, dogs, and chimpanzees, as well as humans. This new, improved mouse genetic map has already yielded valuable information on how factors such as chromosome, chromosomal location, sex, and sequence composition are related to recombination...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...es' heel of cancer cells that's apparently broadly conserved among many types of solid tumors." Using cultured human cells, the researchers set out to study enzymes known to be involved in keeping cancer cells alive and proliferating. They soon narrowed the focus to one called RalB. This molecule is part of ...

How mammals fuel milk production may have implications for cancer

...or lactation is among the most critical and highly conserved in mammals, as provision of nutritional support is essential for the survival of offspring,?said Lewis Chodosh, lead author of the study at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “Given its remarkable importance, it has been a relatively ...

Nobel Laureate finds 'elegant' explanation for DNA transcribing enzyme's high fidelity

...e.? The fundamental mechanism of transcription is conserved among cellular RNA polymerases, the researchers explained. Common features include an unwound region of about 15 base pairs of the DNA with some eight residues of the RNA transcript hybridized with the DNA in the center of the “transcription bubble.?...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...ivision, report on a comparative genomics study of conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) - sequences of DNA shar... The paper is entitled Accelerated evolution of conserved noncoding sequences in the human genome. Co-authoring the paper with Rubin were Shyam Prabhakar and...

Biologists call for better choice of model organisms in 'evo-devo'

...species are not necessarily, or even likely a more conserved model of the ancestor. "We need to make better use of the techniques that allow us to calculate how much an organism’s genome has changed over time, when making assessments about how much an animal resembles its ancestor, because this information ...

Unicellular microRNA discovery

...fore these lineages split, the lack of universally conserved miRNA genes in algae, plants and animals suggests that they may have evolved independently....

Study of planarians offers insight into germ cell development

...signaling is going to help us tease apart the more conserved mechanisms (of germ cell development and maintenance)," Newmark said. "We hope that this information will also prove informative for understanding these processes in higher organisms."...

Discovery of an HIV inhibitor in human blood points to new drug class

...r was responsible. VIRIP specifically targets a conserved region in the HIV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein kno...new class of HIV-1 inhibitors targeting the highly conserved gp41 fusion protein," the researchers concluded. There are now some 20 different HIV drugs in use...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...eir sequence, it emerged that 10 key residues were conserved in almost all kinase families, fingering them as b...sidue could be compensated by changes around other conserved regions of the protein, and that some of these changes in bacterial kinases are also seen in specifi...

Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps

... This means that important features that have been conserved in primates over time can be more easily seen by comparing rhesus to human, than chimp to human. By adding the rhesus genome to the primate comparison, researchers identified nearly 200 genes likely to be key players in determining differences amo...

Protein fragments sequenced in 68 million-year-old Tyrannosaurus rex

...xisting amino acid sequences. Collagen is a highly conserved protein, so it was highly likely that some of the dinosaur peptide sequences would match those of an existing species. Of the seven T. rex peptides, five were for a particular class of collagen protein, collagen alpha I. The majority of these were fo...

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