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Tag: "concentrations" at biology news

Hotspots of mercury contamination identified in eastern North America

...astern Canada has identified five "hotspots" where concentrations of the element exceed those established for human or wildlife health. The team focused on levels of the potent neurotoxin in yellow perch and common loons, but it also took into account contamination in other fish, birds, and mammals. In addition to ...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...nclosed chambers and subjecting them to increasing concentrations of the test compounds for specified times until half of the test animals are killed. One type of test commonly used where this occurs is the LD50 test, where LD stands for lethal dose. This heavy reliance on animal data in toxicology has long be...

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

...creased levels of ocean acidity and carbon dioxide concentrations have resulted in unexpected changes in oceanic che...e researchers simulated present-day carbon dioxide concentrations and ocean acidity, and carbon dioxide levels expected at the end of this century and the middle of t...

Mercury contamination of fish warrants worldwide public warning

...e, particularly in adult men. Increasing mercury concentrations are now being found in a number of fish-eating wildlife species in remote areas of the planet. The actual socioeconomic costs of mercury pollution are probably much greater than estimated because existing economic analyses don't consider mercury's...

Woman's Day and For Womens of Science

...e, particularly in adult men. Increasing mercury concentrations are now being found in a number of fish-eating wildlife species in remote areas of the planet. The actual socioeconomic costs of mercury pollution are probably much greater than estimated because existing economic analyses don't consider mercury's...

Using nanomagnets to enhance medical imaging

...ve found that these materials are non-toxic at the concentrations used in MRI. NIST works with Florida State University to make single-molecule magnets less than five nanometers (nm) in diameter, and works with the University of Colorado at Boulder to make nanocrystals in the 10-50 nm range. The agency is pionee...

Bats get the munchies too!

...efer these fruits when they are ripe, however high concentrations of ethanol (around 1%) are toxic to the animals. Intoxicated bats may also be less able to respond to attacks from predators, and to avoid obstacles (much like us humans, some might say!). The sugar molecule, fructose, is known to reduce the toxicity...

A new portable biosensor detects traces of contaminants in food more quickly and cheaply

... micrograms per litre, much lower than the maximum concentrations allowed by European regulations (0.1 micrograms per litre), and this can be done more quickly and cheaply than is the case of the chromatographs which are used today in food safety laboratories. As regards the detection of antibiotics, the sensor has...

No magic tomato? Study breaks link between lycopene and prostate cancer prevention

...s one of the largest to evaluate the role of blood concentrations of lycopene and other carotenoid antioxidants in preventing prostate cancer. Study data were derived from over 28,000 men enrolled in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, an ongoing, randomized National Cancer In...

Study warns deep-sea mining may pose serious threat to fragile marine ecosystems

...s and their investors, undersea mining offers high concentrations of ore at relatively low production costs." The mining operations will use a strip-mining approach to remove deposits within the top 20 metres of the seafloor, using remotely operated underwater mine cutters and a hydraulic pump system to transfer...

Scientists seek useful traits in wild cottons

...Seedlings are incrementally subjected to different concentrations of salt, which can reach 30,000 parts per million. If cotton breeders can impart more salt tolerance to commercial varieties, farmers on the Texas High Plains could one day irrigate their crop from the Santa Rosa Aquifer ?which lies undernea...

Confirmed -- deforestation plays critical climate change role

...a portfolio of mitigation options needed to reduce concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. "Globally, we need a range of actions to reduce the build up of carbon in the atmosphere," Dr Canadell says. "This study ensures we have a sound scientific basis behind the consideration of deforestation red...

Slowing the racing heart

...rated that an enzyme called Pak 1, present in high concentrations in the heart, signals depression in the action of adrenaline and adrenaline-like chemicals on the pacemaker cell, playing an important role in slowing down the heart rate. "The enzyme works through calcium and potassium channels that we know to be...

Survival of the rarest: Fruit flies shed light on the evolution of behavior

...ifferent ratios of rovers to sitters and different concentrations of nutrients in their food, and assessed their fitness—how many survived to the end of their larval stage. To distinguish between the rovers and the sitters, which are physically identical, Fitzpatrick "tagged" one of the types with a green fluoresce...

Premature births may be linked to seasonal levels of pesticides and nitrates in surface water

...ths as pesticides and nitrates reach their maximum concentrations in surface water. This year's presentation expands upon that work. "A growing body of evidence suggests that the consequence of prenatal exposure to pesticides and nitrates as well as to other environmental contaminants is detrimental to many ou...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...s is a family of bacteria that in relatively small concentrations can kill insects - between 10-100 cells of it are typically enough ?but most are harmless to humans and can be used as a biological control mechanism to replace pesticide use. The researchers, from the universities of Bath, Bristol and Exeter, al...

Why do oysters choose to live where they could be eaten?

...er larvae choose to settle in areas of high oyster concentrations to take advantage of future benefits of increased reproductive capacity when they mature. "Oyster larvae make a life or death decision when they get their one chance to select where to attach themselves to the bottom," said University of Maryland ...

Hearts of male and female rainbow trout are different

... male ventricle tissue had 2.5-fold higher citrate concentrations than females; and; males had a proportionately larger epicardium to endocardium ratio compared with females with similar size hearts. Summary and Conclusions This study expands upon previous findings that sex differences in cardiac...

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...asurements suggest a positive effect from the high concentrations of antioxidant compounds called anthocyanins that ... anthocyanin-containing whole foods, and they used concentrations of anthocyanins that would be very difficult if not impossible to obtain in the diet." He continu...

Common treatment for methamphetamine overdose may damage brain cells

...ects of the combination, they found that glutamate concentrations in the substantia nigra were twice as high in methamphetamine-treated rats as in saline-treated ones two days after injections. Yamamoto and his colleagues were able to link this rise in glutamate to the death of GABA-containing cells in one part of ...

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