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Tag: "concentrations" at biology news

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

...so observedubiquitous H2 in all the hot springs at concentrations sufficient formicrobial bioenergetics.Thermodynami...ring different seasons. All of theenvironments had concentrations appropriate for energy metabolism.The team used computer-generated thermodynamic models to find out ...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

... levels of contamination to experimentallymeasured concentrations in the Greater Baltimore region, and found nostati...re region, the researchers detectedtriclocarban at concentrations of up to 6.75 micrograms per liter(parts-per-billion). This maximum concentration was 28 fold higher...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...rmore, these proteins help to maintain free-oxygen concentrations in nodules at levels low enough to avoid damage of oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase, the bacterial enzyme complex responsible for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Thus, plant hemoglobins fulfill roles analogous to those of animal hemoglobins, as well as nove...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

...ents confirmed this to be true. Next, Xu elevated concentrations of FGF2, a protein routinely used for human embryonic stem cell culture, to test whether FGF2 preserves undifferentiated stem cells in the absence of BMP. The result was that "the cells looked perfect." Xu says he has grown the resulting stem cells i...

Probing The Promise And Perils Of Nanoparticles

...g drugs to their targets inside the body, but high concentrations of these nanoparticles can be toxic. In earlier work, U-M researchers discovered that dendrimers punch nanoscale holes in cell membranes, making the membranes more permeable. At high enough concentrations, they can completely destroy the membranes, k...

Development of portable infectious disease detector

...chnologies: special electrodes that canmeasure the concentrations of the chemicals that cells consume andexcrete in extremely small volumes and the use of fluids flowingthrough microscopic channels to move and manipulate small numbers ofcells reliably. In the process, the group has applied for more than 12patents. ...

Key Trigger Of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Found

...apeutic effect through altering extracellular GABA concentrations as well as directly altering the excitability of GABAergic neurons." ### Elena E. Bagley, Michelle B. Gerke, Christopher W. Vaughan, Stephen P. Hack, and MacDonald J. Christie: "GABA Transporter Currents Activated by Protein Kinase A Excite Midbrai...

Special Imaging Study Shows Failing Hearts Are 'Energy Starved'

...f the anatomy, but also direct measurements of the concentrations of various important biochemicals and their chemical reaction rates within the cells of various tissues. They first performed MRS on 14 healthy volunteers to measure cardiac CK flux at rest and with pharmaceutically induced stress to determine whethe...

Children's taste sensitivity and food choices influenced by taste gene

...nd 10 years of age - and mothers categorized three concentrations of a bitter-tasting compound (propylthiouracil; PR...itter-sensitive allele (PP or AP) preferred higher concentrations of sucrose solutions than did bitter-insensitive (AA) children, and were more likely to identify car...

Rats infected as newborns grew up vulnerable to memory problems during an immune challenge

...ps later injected with LPS had significantly lower concentrations of cytokines called interleukins than control pups (they tested 32 PUPS in all). Immune cells release these cytokines, or certain protein molecules, in response to germs. Prior research had suggested that higher IL-1BETA in the brain's hippocampus, a...

Probing the promise and perils of nanoparticles

...g drugs to their targets inside the body, but high concentrations of these nanoparticles can be toxic. In earlier work, U-M researchers discovered that dendrimers punch nanoscale holes in cell membranes, making the membranes more permeable. At high enough concentrations, they can completely destroy the membranes, k...

Dead zone area in Gulf could be increasing, researchers say

...poxia is a term for extremely low levels of oxygen concentrations in water. Hypoxia can result in fish kills and can severely impact other forms of marine life where it is present. The dead zone area covers about 6,000 square miles in the Gulf. The dead zone is located along the Louisiana coast where the Mississi...

Substance protects resilient staph bacteria

...mmune defense, human antibiotic compounds and salt concentrations similar to levels found on human skin. Dr. Otto's group also used mice fitted with catheters to demonstrate that the S. epidermidis strain deficient of PGA was not able to cause infection while the other strains containing PGA did. ...

New Drugs For Bad Bugs: UF Approach Could Bolster Antibiotic Arsenal

...nding method that combines testing of various drug concentrations at the site of infection with a series of laborato...ciples of pharmacokinetics, or an analysis of drug concentrations in the body, and pharmacodynamics, their effect on bacteria or how a drug kills bacteria. “In the p...

Scientists discover how plants disarm the toxic effects of excessive sunlight

...he following NASA satellite image maps chlorophyll concentrations on land as well as in oceans, lakes and seas. This image provides a snapshot of photosynthetic capacity and significant sources of singlet oxygen, a toxic byproduct of photosynthesis, in the biosphere. See the image at: http://earthobservatory.nasa.g...

Survey finds silver contamination in North Pacific waters

...versity of California, Santa Cruz, measured silver concentrations 50 times greater than the natural background level...essor of environmental toxicology at UCSC. "Silver concentrations in the North Pacific trace the atmospheric depositions of industrial aerosols from Asia, with the hi...

Researchers report new pro-inflammatory role for anti-inflammatory enzyme

...ody expresses iNOS which generates relatively high concentrations of NO," says Dr. Hobbs. "This aids host defense by killing the invading organism, but in excessive quantities starts to lead to host-damage. In sepsis, this is manifested predominantly as a profound hypotension, inadequate tissue perfusion and organ ...

NASA study finds snow melt causes large ocean plant blooms

... observations of ocean color to show phytoplankton concentrations in the Western Arabian Sea have increased by more than 350 percent over the past seven years. The study is in this week's SCIENCE magazine When winter and spring snow cover is low over Eurasia, the amount of solar energy reflected back into the atmo...

Decoding the logic of olfaction

...of the odors in the cortex expanded with increased concentrations of the odorants. Buck said this phenomenon could e...t from a single type of receptor were activated by concentrations of odorants normally found in the environment. "One intriguing possible explanation for this discrep...

Genpathway and Baylor College of Medicine Identify New Genes in Breast Cancer

...of the odors in the cortex expanded with increased concentrations of the odorants. Buck said this phenomenon could e...t from a single type of receptor were activated by concentrations of odorants normally found in the environment. "One intriguing possible explanation for this discrep...

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