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Tag: "compounds" at biology news

New MRI technique shows emphysema in asymptomatic smokers

...es in the lungs enlarge with age. However, smoking compounds the problem. Dr. Fain and colleagues showed in a related study that these changes occur at a much slower rate in nonsmokers than in active smokers. "On average, active smoking accelerates emphysema-like changes at about twice the normal rate found w...

New potential drug target in tuberculosis

...y for a drug." The scientists will now search for compounds that can do so. At the same time, they are continuing to look for other proteins as drug targets. Wilmanns and his colleagues from various other institutes are now focusing on structures of molecules that help M. tuberculosis to persist in its dorman...

First human trial of antibacterial contact lens

...Institute for Eye Research have tested antibiofilm compounds and generated proof of concept data in a broad range of product categories in the medical, industrial and consumer fields. ...

Mosquito spray increases toxicity of pyrethroids in creek, study finds

...and lead author of the study. "This interaction of compounds is a whole new issue when doing pesticide risk assessments that has been largely ignored by regulators," said Weston. The findings came from water and sediment samples collected from six creeks in Sacramento, Calif., after the county's mosquito con...

Chemical in many air fresheners may reduce lung function

...blood concentrations of 11 common volatile organic compounds and lung function measures in a representative sample of 953 adults. VOCs are a diverse set of compounds emitted as gases from thousands of commonly used products, including tobacco smoke, pesticides, pain...

Stanford snake venom study shows that certain cells may eliminate poison

... synthesize a wide range of biological mediators - compounds that can promote inflammation and other tissue changes - that are selectively unleashed from the cells in response to various triggers, often intruders such as parasites or bacteria. In people who have been sensitized (i.e., made allergic) by prior e...

Synthetic molecule causes cancer cells to self-destruct

...ch, screened more than 20,000 structurally diverse compounds for the ability to change procaspase-3 into caspas...is is the first in what could be a host of organic compounds with the ability to directly activate executioner enzymes," said Hergenrother, who is also an affili...

Pest control research leads to pain control discovery

...investigator Bruce Hammock's lab, tested the novel compounds on rodents and found them to be as potent at a low...inks. His laboratory examined the effects of these compounds in rodent inflammatory pain ehavior models. "Inflammatory mediators sensitize pain receptors and cau...

Many cleaners, air fresheners may pose health risks when used indoors

... and concentrations of primary and secondary toxic compounds produced by these products under typical indoor us...gulations also cover emissions of volatile organic compounds from consumer products used in homes and institutions. Several years ago, when a handful of new stu...

Research identifies protein in mice that regulates bone formation

...Brandeis University biochemist Greg Petsko to find compounds that inhibit the two proteins, which could lead to new and better treatments for osteoporosis. Though the biggest hurdles of drug discovery lie in the distant future, said Petsko, "as early stage targets go, this looks promising. It just smells like ...

Parkinson's disease mechanism discovered

...d, they have already conducted a screen of 150,000 compounds for those with therapeutic potential. "We have found compounds that reverse alpha-synuclein toxicity, and we plan to publish those results soon," she said. "These ...

Drug discovery team to explore newly discovered deep-sea reefs

... search for marine organisms that produce chemical compounds with the potential to treat human diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's. "We've found incredible and surprising diversity at other deepwater reefs near Miami and Bimini, and some promising potential disease treatments, so we're very excited about ...

New study reveals components of cocoa may enhance the appearance of the skin

...e observed benefits to cocoa flavanols ?a group of compounds that can be particularly rich in cocoa and that have been previously reported to improve blood flow and vessel function. In this new study, 24 healthy women (aged 18 to 65) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group drank a high-flavanol Coco...

Buckyballs boost antibody's chemotherapy payload

...e a method for creating a new class of anti-cancer compounds that contain both tumor-targeting antibodies and nanoparticles called buckyballs. Buckyballs are soccer ball-shaped molecules of pure carbon that can each be loaded with several molecules of anticancer drugs like Taxol®. In the new research, the sci...

Magnetism and mimicry of nature hold hope for better medicine, environmental safety

...plet from combining and reacting with the chemical compounds in the surface material and thereby contaminating the test sample of fluid. The process is the crux of what the researchers call "lab on a chip" technology, which will enable scientists, health care professionals and environmental experts to obtain...

Research reveals inner workings of immune system 'thermostat'

...em cells unleash the soldiers. These "hot" protein compounds kill invaders ?but also trigger inflammation, whic...s is unclear. The leading hypothesis is that these compounds ?which act as furnace and air conditioner ?battle it out over control of the system's inflammatory r...

Corn waste potentially more than ethanol

...sion process releases the organic sugars and other compounds in the corn waste and these compounds can be fed to microbial fuel cells. The microbial fuel cells contain two electrodes and anaerobic b...

Novel therapy combinations gain ground in treating hepatitis

...cts [Abstract 686f] Scientists are reviewing new compounds in combination with current standard hepatitis therapies to produce better patient outcomes. A new oral peptidomimetic protease inhibitor, VX-950, has previously shown substantial anti-viral effects in combination with the frequently used hepatitis ...

Study reveals how cells destroy faulty proteins in cystic fibrosis

...or some time that treatment of cultured cells with compounds known as chemical chaperones can increase the fitness of misshaped CFTR and get it into proper shape. Thus, "If we can figure out how to get CFTR into the right shape, we can cure the disease," Cyr said. To better understand how to fix CFTR, Cyr'...

Researchers show how brain decodes complex smells

...rve cells, or neurons, detect the host of chemical compounds that comprise a rose's perfume. Smarter sections o...olfactory system then categorize and combine these compounds into a recognizable scent. According to the researchers, it's as if the brain has to listen to each ...

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