comparing 2 7

Tag: "comparing" at biology news

Study reveals genomics of inflammation from severe injury

...ce--it is well-defined and lasts only 24 hours. By comparing the changes in gene activity caused by endotoxin exposure with those caused by trauma, the researchers hope to identify the molecular markers that spell sepsis. The research team zeroed in on white blood cells, which help fight infection and diseas...

Fish evolve a longer lifespan by evolving a longer reproductive period, researchers find

... The researchers conducted their experiments by comparing life-history traits in 240 guppies they retrieved from high- and low-predation streams in mountains in Trinidad. In their analysis, they divided the life history into three non-overlapping segments: the age at maturity (birth to first reproduction), ...

Bacteria which sense the Earth's magnetic field

...magnetic bacteria cells using this technology, and comparing the wild type with the MamJ mutants. She was able to make visible not only the magnetite crystal, but also the surrounding membrane vesicle, in a resolution never achieved before. Amazingly, the scientists saw a previously unknown filamentous struct...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

...ays Dr. Barry. Conventional genetic techniques for comparing normal and mutant strains of M. tb failed, so the team turned to a specially modified microarray-based technique, called comparative genome sequencing, developed by NimbleGen Systems, Inc. (Madison, WI). This was the first time the technique has been...

The earliest animals had human-like genes

... compare their descendents. This is difficult when comparing distantly-related animals such as humans and flies. In these cases, it helps to look at living organisms that have preserved many features of their ancestors. Detlev Arendt's group is doing this with a small marine worm called Platynereis dumerlii. "...

Cornell finds natural selection in humans

... Nature, Cornell scientists analyzed 11,624 genes, comparing how genes vary not only among 39 humans but also b...han 20,000 genes in 39 humans and a chimpanzee. By comparing the DNA sequences of the 39 human subjects across the 20,000 genes, the Celera researchers identifie...

UF study first to quantify validity of DNA I.D. tool using marine snails

...yzing tissue samples from the marine organisms and comparing them to a comprehensive catalog of species they compiled. The findings are published in the December issue of PLOS Biology. "DNA barcoding ?the ability to take a remnant of animal tissue or blood and compare it with a known data base ?has attracte...

A 'dimmer switch' for genes

...ates a protein. Graves illustrates this process by comparing protein structure with beads on a string. "After the protein is made, it can acquire what we call post-translational modifications, which are like decorations on a beaded necklace. In this analogy, one person creates a necklace using similar beads an...

New technology shows our ancestors ate…everything!

...o figure out the diets of our early ancestors. By comparing teeth from two species of early humans, Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus, the researchers confirm previous evidence that A. africanus ate more tough foods, such as leaves, and P. robustus ate more hard, brittle foods. But they als...

The ecological effects of the Chernobyl disaster

...s of radioactive strontium and radioactive cesium, comparing migrating populations with those that remain in the area, as well as examining age, sex, and nesting preferences to determine the amounts and types of radiation accumulating in the birds. In the presentation, Gaschak will discuss how quantities of 90...

Old drug shows new promise for Huntington's Disease

...he same drug dose on all the animals as opposed to comparing different doses, but fairly convincing," Massa concluded. "Together, the in vitro and in vivo results suggest that Clioquinol has an effect of decreasing the symptoms of Huntington's, its pathology, and perhaps even the actual production of the toxic...

Micro RNAs play role in egg making

... "genetic trick" to generate DICER-less eggs.) In comparing overall protein production between these two groups, the researchers discovered that miRNAs stopped the manufacturing of a small group of key proteins, including ones that produce ribosomes. These structures constitute the cell's protein-making machi...

DNA traces evolution of extinct sabertooths and the American cheetah-like cat

...ted an updated family tree for the ancient cats by comparing ancient DNA extracted from the preserved bones of the two sabertooths (a Smilodon specimen from Patagonia and a Homotherium specimen from the Yukon region) and the American cheetah-like cat (a Miracinonyx specimen from the state of Wyoming) with DNA ...

Disappearing arctic lakes linked to climate change

...sed over the last 50 years. In this latest study, comparing data from 1973 with findings from 1997-98, the total number of large lakes decreased by around 11 percent. While many did not disappear completely they shrank significantly. The overall loss of lake surface area was a loss of approximately 6 percent....

Computer modeling reveals hidden conversations within cells

...he model, they repeatedly tested and refined it by comparing the model's predictions with the results of experiments with living cells. "The beauty of this kind of interdisciplinary work is the almost circular way the model's predictions drive the design of new experiments, and the how results of those experi...

Evolution of life on Earth may hold key to finding life in outer space

...machinery, Fox and his team of scientists focus on comparing the sequences and 3-D shapes of biological molecul...s. "We do a lot of what is called bioinformatics, comparing molecules from different organisms," he said. Fox's group recently received notification of two new...

Two designer drugs hit same lung cancer target, but only one is effective

...r drugs differed dramatically in a laboratory test comparing their ability to shut down a mutant, overactive growth signal in lung cancer cells, reports a team headed by scientists at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Although both drugs killed cells containing a normal but overactive EGFR (epidermal growth f...

Study: Predatory dinosaurs had bird-like pulmonary system

...f researchers who are examining dinosaur bones and comparing them with modern animals to learn more about the anatomy of these extinct beasts. ...

A slight difference and significant similarities

...d above. "Our methods can of course be adapted for comparing other food plants," says Fiehn. The analyses were financed by the British Food Standards Agency. All in all, almost 2,800 potato specimens, cultivated in trial fields at the German Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food, were tested. A team of bio...

Woods Hole Research Center plans controlled burn in Amazon rainforest

...ure the impacts of recurring fire on the forest by comparing the trees, the animals, the leaf canopy, and the soil before vs. after the fire." Fires are set in the litter of the forest floor using kerosene drip torches along parallel 1000m-long transects every 50 meters through the square-kilometer parcels, a...

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