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Tag: "comparing" at biology news

On the track of tiny larvae, a new model elucidates connections in marine ecology

...to test these movement predictions in the field by comparing the model to data from population genetic studies..... The researchers then tested this new approach by comparing the new model's predictions to empirical genetic data for threatened staghorn corals. This test show...

Wild bees and the flowers they pollinate are disappearing together

...rs and naturalists in Britain and the Netherlands, comparing records from before and after 1980. The results showed bee diversity had declined consistently in both countries, whereas the diversity of hoverflies (another group of pollinating insects) stayed roughly constant in Britain, but increased in the Net...

Ancient global warming drove early primates' dispersal

... and coworkers re-evaluated the four hypotheses by comparing with unprecedented precision the times of first appearance of Teilhardina in Asia, Europe, and North America. To achieve such precision, they used a carbon isotope curve recently documented on all three continents. Carbon in the atmosphere, earth and...

DOE JGI releases IMG 1.5 with curated archaeal genomes

...nd allows the examination of gene model changes by comparing each curated gene model with the original. IMG 1.5 extensions include the addition of IMG terms (which are curated protein products) and IMG pathways to characterize genes. Also, users are now able to enter their own product name for a gene direc...

Purdue creates new low-cost system to detect bacteria

...ht. The procedure identifies a bacterial colony by comparing an image of its scatter pattern against a template that contains 120 features described by Zernike polynomials. "A good analogy is the method used by law enforcement to identify a person's face using specialized recognition software," Rajwa said. "...

A catalogue of proteins

...ver cells in mice. Using mass spectrometry, and by comparing databases, the scientists were able to detect more than 1400 proteins, localised in ten different cell compartments. Previous analyses had shown that certain proteins assign themselves clearly to particular cell organelles. When the scientists took t...

Scientists elucidate the kinome of key model organism

...mith. But conservation is also a major theme. By comparing the Dictyostelium kinome with those of other organisms, the authors find 46 types of kinases that appear to be conserved in all organisms, and are likely to be involved in fundamental cellular processes. "We believe this study will be very useful to ...

Major obesity gene is 'lost in the shuffle'

...fy the specific metabolic roles of ASIP in vivo by comparing a species that has the gene versus a species that lacks the gene," he says. ...

Amber reveals ecology of 30 million year old spiders

...nalysing the size distributions of the spiders and comparing the distinct hunting traits of each species, Dr Penney found that web-spinning spiders were bigger in Baltic amber than in Dominican amber, but that there was no difference between hunting spiders in either region. It was also found the fauna of the ...

New method for identifying microbes

...oint" reference gene. By sequencing these tags and comparing the sequenced code with databases of known bacterial genomes, the Brookhaven team determined that this specific 16-letter region contains enough unique genetic information to successfully identify all community members down to the genus level, and mo...

Finding a virus is not all bad news

...gned by Alexei. The software analysed the data by comparing the genetic information from the different virus strains with their geographic positions and the date that they were sampled. Together with a mathematical model of how the virus evolves this information was used to estimate the cougar's population si...

World Trade Center identifications pushed forensic DNA technology

...drial DNA, DNA inherited only from the mother, and comparing it to a standard reference. While mitochondrial DNA is not unique -- entire maternal ancestry lines share the same mtDNA -- it, along with STR, could help in identification. SNPs, or single nucleotide polymorphisms, are genetic variations that occu...

Biologists develop genome-wide map of miRNA-mRNA interactions

...e NYU team developed a new in vivo analysis system comparing the expression of a reporter, green fluorescent protein (GFP) carrying target 3' UTRs with controls, that did not carry the target 3'UTRs. The laboratory results confirmed the role of specific 3' UTRs in suppressing gene expression even more widely t...

Evolutionary shifts in olfactory sensitivities in fruit flies

...as it evolves to occupy a new ecological niche? By comparing the olfactory system of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, which feeds from multiple fruit types, with that of its sibling species D. sechellia, a specialist particularly drawn to a single fruit type, researchers have demonstrated how evolution c...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...usceptible to a disease, scientists can find it by comparing DNA sequences in haplotypes from people with the disease to those of people who don't have the disease. U-M researchers first sequenced and compared all DNA within the 300,000 base-pair target segment from 10 MHC chromosomes carried by five people e...

Cloned stem cells prove identical to fertilized stem cells

...r in the Jaenisch lab, tried a different approach, comparing gene expression in cloned and fertilization-derived stem cells. With a series of microarray chips, Brambrink measured which genes were active and which were silent in both kinds of cells. To ensure the accuracy of his results, he compared five lines ...

International HIV/AIDS trial finds continuous antiretroviral therapy superior to episodic therapy

...rollment into a large international HIV/AIDS trial comparing continuous antiretroviral therapy with episodic drug treatment guided by levels of CD4+ cells has been stopped. Enrollment was stopped because those patients receiving episodic therapy had twice the risk of disease progression (the development of cli...

Ticks, flukes, and genomics: Emerging pathogens revealed

...e representative genomes from these bacteria. "By comparing so many different pathogens, some closely related ...omic analysis of these bacteria." In addition to comparing genomes, the current study used those genomes to reconstruct the metabolic potential (the ability to...

Attention shoppers: Researchers find neurons that encode the value of different goods

...e scale. Assigning values on a common scale allows comparing goods, like apples and oranges, that otherwise lack a natural basis for comparison. Previous work in other laboratories showed that lesions to the OFC can result in choice deficits such as eating disorders, compulsive gambling, and abnormal social ...

Infused spleen cells found not to impact islet recovery and reversal of type 1 diabetes in mice

...ies have changed over time, traditional methods of comparing DNA sequences between humans and zebrafish have failed to identify any potential enhancers around the RET gene because the DNA sequences differ too much. That drove the Hopkins researchers to seek and develop this new system, by which virtually any ...

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