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Tag: "comparing" at biology news

Fitness has fallen since the days of Ancient Greece

...blished in New Scientist today (February 8). By comparing these findings to classical texts that record details of their endurance, he realised that the rowers of ancient Athens -- around 500BC -- would had to have been highly elite athletes, even by modern day standards. Says Dr Rossiter: "Ancient Athen...

Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps

...the Human Genome Project, it has become clear that comparing our genome with the genomes of other organisms is ...d in primates over time can be more easily seen by comparing rhesus to human, than chimp to human. By adding the rhesus genome to the primate comparison, rese...

Saving endangered whales at no cost

By comparing the productivity of lobster fishing operations in American and Canadian waters of the Gulf of Maine, researchers have identified ways in which cost-saving alterations in fishing strategies can substantially reduce fishing-gear entanglements of the cr...

Iowa State University botanists identify new species of North American bamboo

.... That means taking inventory of what exists, then comparing notes," Clark said. They already know that the closest relatives of native North American bamboos are not in Central or South America, but are in East Asia. "That's a well-known pattern of diversity in plants and animals. Plants known to be c...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...also less frequent in marine environments. "By comparing our findings with the Yooseph clusters, we also discovered hundreds of new gene families that hadn’t even been seen before," says Zhai and adds that by adding the diverse GOS data to known profiles, "we were able to make them more sensitive and diver...

Ancient amphibians evolved a bite before migrating to dry land

... would pull those bones ever so slightly apart. By comparing the skull roofs of living fish to those of early amphibians and their fishy ancestors, we were able to determine whether the fossil species fed by suction or by biting." Using this approach, Markey and Marshall found that in one key transitional s...

New findings blow a decade of assumptions out of the water

...n, the building block of life, after all. Instead, comparing fathom for fathom, the Pacific and Indian oceans experience twice the amount of nitrogen fixing as the Atlantic, say researchers in the Jan. 11 issue of Nature. The title of an accompanying News and Views piece says it all, "Looking for N2 Fixation ...

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

... The scientists reached their conclusions after comparing the genetic makeup of 700 people with type-2 diabetes and a family history of the condition, with 700 controls. They looked at mutations in the building blocks, called nucleotides, which make up DNA. There are mutations in around one in every 60...

New species declared: Clouded leopard on Borneo and Sumatra

...useums and collections. “The moment we started comparing the skins of the mainland clouded leopard and the ... found on Borneo and Sumatra, it was clear we were comparing two different species,?said Dr Andrew Kitchener, from the Department of Natural Sciences, National M...

Procedure predicts embryos most likely to result in pregnancy

...that at least one will lead to a pregnancy." By comparing the content of the successful and unsuccessful embryos, the team established a metabolic profile of embryos that resulted in pregnancies as well as ones that did not. "We found that proton NMR, a non-invasive nuclear magnetic resonance form of spe...

40,000-year-old skull shows both modern human and Neandertal traits

... who first dispersed into Europe looked like. By comparing it with other skulls, Professor Zilhao and colleagues found that Oase 2 had the same proportions as modern human crania and shared a number of modern human and/or non-Neandertal features. However, there were some important differences: apparently ...

New research says winning a Nobel Prize adds nearly 2 years to your lifespan

...5.8 years). When the survey was restricted to only comparing winners and nominees from the same country, the lo... the real value of which has changed over time. By comparing the possible effects of that variation, they found that the amount of actual prize money won by Nobe...

Ethanol vehicles pose a significant risk to human health, study finds

...rammed the computer to run air quality simulations comparing two future scenarios: A vehicle fleet (that is, all cars, trucks, motorcycles, etc., in the United States) fueled by gasoline, versus A fleet powered by E85, a popular blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline. Deaths and hospit...

Antibody signal may redirect inflammation to fuel cancer

...n that is known to cause human cervical cancer. By comparing cancer progression in these mice compared with gene "knock-out mice" that lacked the antibody receptors normally active on the leukocyte surfaces, Coussens and her colleagues discovered that the receptors were involved for the cancer to progress rapi...

Making mice with enhanced color vision

...ptor with different absorption properties, then by comparing both receptors, the red and green lights could always be distinguished." Normal mice failed to discriminate yellow versus red lights when the light intensities were set to give equal activation of their middle wavelength receptor. However, mice w...

FDA causes unnecessary scare about common painkillers

...n placebo. An analysis of a large number of trials comparing COX-2 inhibitors to other NSAIDs found similar results ?that Voltaren was estimated to increase vascular risk by about 70 percent over Aleve. "Naproxen does not increase the risk of heart attacks and ought to be a painkiller of choice," said Furbe...

Microfossils unravel climate history of tropical Africa

...cal Atlantic Ocean was only about 2.5°C colder. By comparing this temperature difference with existing records of continental rainfall variability, lead author Johan Weijers and his colleagues concluded that the land-sea temperature difference has by far the largest influence on continental rainfall. This can ...

Engineering the heart piece by piece

... at the Artificial Heart Laboratory has focused on comparing different platforms to engineer functional heart muscle in the laboratory. Last December, Birla and first author Yen-Chih Huang, PhD, published a paper describing their success in growing pulsing, three-dimensional patches of bioengineered heart musc...

Satellites shed light on global warming

...n Earth’s land, oceans, ice and atmosphere. By comparing and contrasting information on ocean colour, surface temperature and sea level, scientists are exploring the many subtle ways in which these near-invisible waves are capable of affecting phytoplankton, as they may be providing them with an input of n...

UCLA: How does your brain respond when you think about gambling or taking risks?

...chologists present the first neuroscience research comparing how our brains evaluate the possibility of gaining versus losing when making risky decisions. Participants in the study, mostly UCLA students in their 20s, were given $30 and then asked whether they would agree to each of more than 250 gambles in wh...

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