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Tag: "combinations" at biology news

SLU researchers uncover direct evidence on how HIV invades healthy cells

...ke infectious virus. Drugs such as AZT and drug combinations (cocktails) exist to inhibit reverse transcriptase and protease. As of yet, there are no drugs to counter integrase. By using a biophysical methodology known as Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, Bera and his colleagues showed that the integras...

Switching to new anti-bacterial targets: Riboswitches

...s it possible to tackle resistant 'superbugs' with combinations of drugs. The analog, pyrithiamine, was synthesized decades ago to study the then new field of vitamin nutrition. It was quickly found to be toxic but the mechanism was incompletely understood. Breaker and coworkers show that pyrithiamine is metabo...

How E. coli bacterium generates simplicity from complexity

...ism and metabolic regulation. Activation of random combinations of these genes would theoretically be capable of generating a huge variety of internal states; however, researchers at UCSD will report in the Dec. 27 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) that Escherichia coli doesn't gambl...

Technique offers new view of dynamic biological landscape

...also be possible to use E-MAP to develop effective combinations of antiviral drugs that target proteins produced by interacting genes. Such a strategy would help to prevent these genes from acting together to compensate for an attack on just one protein, said Weissman. The researchers, led by Weissman, Maya Sch...

'Computer-chemistry' yields new insight into a puzzle of cell division

...tial mega-analysis reduced the potential molecular combinations to about 1,000 possibilities, which Rudolph called both "encouraging" and "discouraging." Edelsbrunner's group, which included programmer Paul Brown, then began narrowing that search further. They did so by using a different software program that co...

Hormonal male contraception reversible after few months for all men

...ited by androgen or androgen-progestagen treatment combinations in men. With such hormone treatment, azoospermia (...multicentre phase II study of androgen-progestagen combinations are being completed in China and Europe, respectively. Peter Liu from the Los Angeles Biomedical ...

Intelligently designed molecular evolution

... in which the human immune system works. Multiple combinations of many different amino acid substitutions are tested in promiscuous enzymes until an evolutionary path that achieves a desired result is found. The amino acid substitutions that significantly drive molecular evolution are called "plasticity residue...

Researchers map of genetic variations implicated in disease

...disease. Haplotypes and the MHC Haplotypes are combinations of gene and sequence variants that tend to occur t...y fortuitous, or it may reflect selection of given combinations (they have been successful in the past), or it may reflect a population bottleneck, where only a few...

Scientists discover interplay between genes and viruses in tiny ocean plankton

...that are more mobile, which can be found in unique combinations in different microbes." The distributors or carriers of new genes, the scientists suspect, are the massive numbers of viruses also known to exist in seawater. Some of them are adept at infecting ocean microbes like Prochlorococcus, the sea's most ab...

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...that are more mobile, which can be found in unique combinations in different microbes. "So it is these unique combinations of genes that create the diversity we see, and which allow microbes to flourish in all environments ...

In the mind's eye: How the brain makes a whole out of parts

...er, however, neurons begin to react exclusively to combinations of shape fragments, rather than to individual frag... that this delay depends upon emerging signals for combinations of shape fragments. In a sense, the brain has to construct an internal representation of an object f...

New cellular flaw found in some virulent breast cancers

...er. By creating laboratory mice with different combinations of genes present or missing, the researchers were able to isolate the various cyclin D1 activities. They demonstrated that cyclin D1's ability to activate CDK4 kinase activity is what causes the aggressive cancers, and that this same activity is requ...

St. Jude projects 90 percent cure rate for ALL

...ers developed a technique for identifying abnormal combinations of proteins that appear only on the surface of leukemic cells. This allows scientists to quickly and accurately determine the percentage of such cells in samples taken from the patient. Doctors measure MRD to determine if induction therapy has elimin...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...p in the creation of a database of disease-causing combinations of mutated human genes, according to researchers a...ct with each other, said Boeke. All such pair-wise combinations of the 5,000 non-essential genes in the yeast genome would require about 25 million tests, he added....

Study shows that cells have a natural defense against HIV

... Currently, doctors treat people with AIDS using combinations of drugs that target the virus itself. These drugs do not eliminate HIV from the body, but they do block its ability to reproduce and spread, and they restore most people with AIDS to good health. In time, however, HIV can develop mutations that re...

New study reveals promising osteoporosis treatment

...investigated the effect in rats of Mg/Zn/F-CaP ion combinations on several bone properties: strength, thickness, quality, and composition of bones. Dr. LeGeros divided a sample of 72 (36 males, 36 females) adult Sprague-Dawley rats (average weight, 160g) into six groups receiving the following diets: control; m...

History of human cannibalism eats away at researchers

...wide. They identified 28 different haplotypes ?or combinations of DNA variants ?in the PRNP gene and used this data to assess the ages of the mutations, to identify geographic patterns of variation, and to evaluate selective forces that have potentially influenced these patterns. "In contrast to the previous ...

Manchester scientists create new bio-gel for 3D cell culture

...The gel is the first pH neutral material made from combinations of dipeptides (pairs of amino acids) to provide an...ss of self-assembly. Dr Ulijn said: "We have used combinations of modified dipeptides which act like building blocks and spontaneously assemble into nanometer size...

New method for identifying microbes

...onment. Such information might help identify which combinations of species would be best suited to, say, sequestering carbon or cleaning up radiological contamination. ...

Research tracks whales by listening to sounds

..." Mellinger said. "Other populations use different combinations of pulses, tones and pitches. The difference is really striking, but we don't know if it is tied to genetics, or some other reason. "There are also some hybrid sounds that are rare," he added. "We don't know if they are part of a common 'language' t...

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