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Tag: "colonization" at biology news

Invasion of the island bats

...endent bat groups, this article shows that reverse colonization is a feature of the entire Caribbean bat community, encompassing groups of bats as different from each other as aerial insectivores, nectarivores, and frugivores. The evolution of Caribbean bats suggests that far from being isolated destinations,...

Researchers develop way to calculate speed of bacterial sex

...cell motion and transport in ground water, and the colonization of soil surfaces by bacterial cells. Using a pr...The findings revealed that bacterial transport and colonization of surfaces is as important a controlling factor for gene spread as was the rate of conjugation itse...

Large size crucial for Amazon forest reserves

...rve size and isolation on the local extinction and colonization of species. The species-specific estimates of effects of area and isolation on extinction and colonization processes permit prediction of effects of future fragmentation on bird communities in these Amazon l...

More species in the tropics because species have been there longer

... origin of many groups in the tropics, more recent colonization of temperate regions, and by the inability of most tropical species to tolerate the variable temperatures of temperate areas. According to John Wiens, the study has important conservation implications: "If the pattern we see in treefrogs holds tr...

Worms produce surprise insight into human fever

..., and antimicrobial peptides to prevent microbial colonization of the intestine. In dissecting two conserved pathways required for C. elegans immunity to bacteria, Aballay found a wealth of data on innate immunity plus a surprising insight into another classic metazoan response to infection fever. The ...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

... time for good. The mysterious lull in vertebrate colonization of land is known as Romer's Gap, named for the Yal... from the sea to land. "It matches two waves of colonization of the land," Ward said. "In the first wave the animals' lungs couldn't have been very good and when...

UGA scientists unravel 'molecular inch-worm' structure of walking-pneumonia bacterium

...their tracks. Since the organelle is involved in colonization of epithelial tissues in human lungs, finding a way to stop such attachment or gliding could halt infections or make them far less severe. "M. pneumoniae accounts for 20 percent of community-acquired pneumonias in this country," said Krause. "Find...

Gut microbes' partnership helps body extract energy from food, store it as fat

...the study, conducted in previously germ-free mice, colonization with two prominent human gut microbes led to fatter mice. Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis called the results an illustration of how understanding the menagerie of microorganisms that live in our guts can provide ne...

Invasive species harms native hardwoods by killing soil fungus

..., and white ash -- had significantly less AMF root colonization and grew only about one-tenth as fast in the infes...dding garlic mustard extracts to soil impaired AMF colonization and seedling growth, implying that the weed uses phytochemical poisons to disrupt native plants' myc...

Alleged 40,000-year-old human footprints in Mexico much, much older than thought

...think on the timing, route and origin of the first colonization of the Americas." Renne, Knight, Waters and the Mexico City archeologists visited the site at the Toluquilla quarry last year while collecting rocks from another anthropological site across the reservoir. Renne noted that the black, basaltic rock is...

Research: Snails were overlooked contributors to marsh destruction

..., they crunch up the surface to make it easier for colonization by fungi. In a process described as fungal farming, the snails then eat the fungi. Periwinkle snails normally coexist happily with marsh grasses. But the drought so weakened cordgrass that it began dying off. Snails then moved in, finishing off weak...

Bugs expose underground carbon traffic system 10 times more important than fossil fuel burning

...and inserted into experimental grassland to enable colonization by AM fungi from the surrounding plants. Twenty mites from the order Collembola, which would view the AM mycelia as food stuff, were introduced to half of the cores. After another four weeks the grassland was exposed to a particular form of carbon di...

Multiple genes permit closely related fish species to mix and match their color vision

...ast 100,000 years. Thanks to the relatively recent colonization by these fish of different ecological niches, as well as the prominent role of nuptual coloring in the mating preferences of these species, the cichlids offer a unique opportunity to study how color vision can undergo change in rapidly evolving speci...

Reducing antibiotic use lowers rates of drug-resistant bacteria

...less than 4 percent in the control group. Although colonization by regular pneumococci was higher in the intervention groups than in the control group, colonization by penicillin-resistant pneumococci was lower in the intervention groups than in the control group. ...

Bacteria use host's immune response to their competitive advantage

...ses in the outcome of interspecies competition for colonization of mucosal surfaces. PLoS Pathogens 1(1): e1. ...

Evidence of 600-million-year old fungi-algae symbiosis discovered in marine fossils

...n fungi and algae may have evolved long before the colonization of land by land-based lichens and green plants, which also form symbiotic relationships with various fungi," Xiao said. "The Doushantuo Formation opens a window into ancient marine life. There is a lot more remains to be learned from these rocks," Y...

Human Eggs Can Develop From Ovarian Surface Cells In Vitro

...ated with an advanced maternal age. In addition, a colonization of premenopausal ovaries with younger oocyte and granulosa stem cells may establish a new cohort of primary follicles. This may result in a 10- to 12-year delay of the onset of natural menopause. Also, these ovarian stem cells could be used to genera...

Light therapy may combat fungal infections, new evidence suggests

...ars ago may have had major significance for fungal colonization of land, at a time when UV irradiation was particularly intense. ...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...h is subsequently used by the plant for growth and colonization of nitrogen-poor soils. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is important for sustainable agriculture and contributes millions of tons of reduced nitrogen to crops and pastures each year. As reported this week, researchers led by Dr. Michael Udvardi at the M...

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