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Tag: "cocaine" at biology news

PET/MRI scans may help unravel mechanisms of prenatal drug damage

...ck the uptake and distribution of trace amounts of cocaine in pregnant monkeys and found significant differen...solution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to track cocaine pharmacokinetics down to the level of the placenta and individual regions of the fetal brain. "The ...

Potential Drug Target For Treating Cocaine Abuse Found

...kinson's disease blocks the stimulating effects of cocaine and could potentially be used to develop drug therapy for cocaine abuse, new research shows. In an article published in the February 23, 2005, issue of The Journal o...

Discovery of New Dopamine Action May Yield Alternative Psychiatric Drugs

...on added. Virtually all addictive drugs, including cocaine and amphetamines, directly or indirectly raise dopamine levels. The neurotransmitter therefore plays a major role in drug-induced highs and in addiction, he explained. Neurotransmitters such as dopamine are chemical messengers that one neuron launch...

High rates of sexually transmitted infections found in young drug users

...x virus 2 and syphilis test results in 543 heroin, cocaine and crack users from Baltimore, Md., aged 18-30 years old. Almost 73 percent of the study participants, who were part of a larger study known as the Risk Evaluation and Assessment of Community Health III cohort, were also injection drug users. The st...

New clue to cocaine addicts' quirky behavior

...ributes to the impulsive behavior seen in users of cocaine as well as other psychostimulant drugs. The same c... studies, they sought to understand the effects of cocaine sensitization on the connections between two higher brain regions--the prefrontal cortex and the hip...

Nicotine triggers the same brain reward circuitry as opiates

...th cocaine, found the researchers, indicating that cocaine activates the brain reward pathway in a different way from nicotine and opiates. "The present results demonstrate that nicotine-associated environmental stimuli can activate the same molecular signal transduction molecules as the drug itself," wrote...

Gene controlling circadian rhythms linked to drug addiction

...ch and becoming more hyperactive - they also found cocaine more rewarding than control mice, demonstrated by their strong preference for the location where the drug was administered. In addition, Clock-deficient mice produced more dopamine than control mice did, suggesting that the gene controlling circadia...

War on terror meets war on cancer

...ersus drier climates. That let the DEA distinguish cocaine from Peru, Colombia, Bolivia or Ecuador. Similar analysis of carbon isotopes in heroin and chemicals used to process it made it possible to learn where heroin poppies were grown and processed. Ehleringer and Kreuzer-Martin later showed that the ox...

'Perception' gene tracked humanity's evolution, scientists say

...ynorphin levels in the brain and susceptibility to cocaine dependence. Matthew Rockman, David Goldstein and Gregory Wray (Duke University); Nicole Soranzo (University College London); and Fritz Zimprich (Medical University of Vienna) also contributed to the research. It was funded by grants from the Nation...

Portable cocaine sensor developed at UC Santa Barbara

A real-time sensor for detecting cocaine –?made with inexpensive, off-the-shelf electronics...ules and proteins in a way that is not specific to cocaine –?a whole class of biosensors can be based on this concept. It can be applied to the prevention of b...

High resolution 'snapshots' detail dynamics of a cocaine antibody

... shown some promise in their ability to neutralize cocaine toxicity, but their binding ability is severely im...for Chemical Biology. Despite intensive research, cocaine abuse continues to be a major public health problem, so far eluding efforts at developing an effecti...

Genetically altered mice no longer like cocaine

... that they could eliminate the rewarding effect of cocaine on mice by genetically manipulating a key target o...l ?is a prime target for developing drugs to fight cocaine addiction. "Cocaine blocks dopamine transporters, and this action ultimately is what makes a person...

Chimpanzees can transmit cultural behavior to multiple 'generations'

...s to: develop vaccines for AIDS and malaria; treat cocaine addiction; interpret brain activity through imaging; increase understanding of progressive illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimers; unlock the secrets of memory; determine behavioral effects of hormone replacement therapy; address vision disorde...

High-tech research shows cocaine changes proteins and brain function

...und changes in brain function related to long-term cocaine use, said Scott E. Hemby, Ph.D., of Wake Forest Un...brain tissue obtained from individuals who died of cocaine overdose and compared these "protein profiles" with individuals who died of non-drug related causes....

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...cently, research has shown that certain drugs like cocaine and heroin amplify this effect ?an action that may lie at the heart of drug addiction. Now, a new study from the University of Michigan adds a new twist to dopamine's fun-loving reputation: pain. Using sophisticated brain-scanning and a careful...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

People addicted to cocaine have an impaired ability to perceive rewards and e...anging from $10 to $1000. More than half of the cocaine abusers rated $10 as equally valuable as $1000, "demonstrating a reduced subjective sensitivity to r...

Hormone linked to brain's cravings for food and other energy sources

...will explore the relationships between ghrelin and cocaine addiction." ...

Scientists design simple dipstick test for cocaine, other drugs

...e developed a simple "dipstick" test for detecting cocaine and other drugs in saliva, urine or blood serum. The test is based upon DNA-gold nanoparticle technology, and can be packaged in user-friendly kits similar to those used for home pregnancy tests. "Building upon our earlier work with lead (Pb) sensor...

Cocaine high caused by interference in neuronal receiving stations

... to stimulation. Researchers had long known that cocaine affects both dopamine and glutamate receptors on n...riments, Wang and colleagues first determined that cocaine reduces the activation of glutamate-responsive neurons by affecting a specific component, or subunit...

Fruit fly study identifies gene mutation that regulates sensitivity to alcohol

...he mutation also altered the flies' sensitivity to cocaine and nicotine as well. Because this gene variant affected the behavioral response to substances of abuse, the researchers dubbed it white rabbit--a reference to the title of a 1960s song about drug-induced changes. "This study describes key molec...

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