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Tag: "clusters" at biology news

Natural protein stops deadly human brain cancer in mice

...hogenic proteins, that cause neural stem-cell-like clusters to lose their stem cell properties, which in turn stops their ability to divide. First they pretreated human glioblastoma cells with bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), then injected these treated cells into mouse brains. In mice injected with cells...

Nanoscale microscope sheds first light on gene repair

...es determined that H2AX is distributed in distinct clusters uniformly throughout the nucleus and that the structure of these clusters may determine the boundaries of where gamma-H2AX spreads in response to a break. "The clusters m...

Uniform tungsten trimers stand and deliver

...o-soldiers on parade, the cyclic tungsten trioxide clusters line up molecule-by-molecule on the titanium dioxi...aid. The model system ?in which all the molecular clusters are the same size, are evenly dispersed and are oriented in one of two directions on a single layer ...

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...National Laboratory, Long Island, N.Y., DNA damage clusters in human cell transformation induced by single or multiple space radiation ion exposures ...

China's environmental challenges

...he issue examines the phenomenon of so-called city clusters in China, which, in contrast to the United States,...le refer to them as "handshaking buildings." City clusters often enhance the competitiveness of a region, catalyzing economic growth. The downside is the envi...

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...n disorders do not take place in isolation - large clusters of genes within an untold amount of cells contribute to major neural events. "For the first time we provide a genomic dissection of the memory-forming network," said Leonid Moroz, a professor of neuroscience and zoology at the University of Flori...

Biologists find regions of rice domestication

... Science. "We look where the genetic signature of clusters on a haplotype tree (family tree)," explained Londo. "We chose samples across the entire range of rice and looked for DNA sequences that were shared by both wild and domesticated types. These two major groups clustered out by geography." DNA is co...

Hopkins researchers develop new tool to watch real-time chemical activity in cells

...do specific jobs, and we now can see how different clusters are regulated differently." When the researchers put their new sensor into living mammalian cells growing in the lab, they were able to test the effects of 160 different chemicals at once and see if any of these chemicals could turn on or off the P...

First 'encyclopedia' of nuclear receptors reveals organisms' focus on sex, food

...e study. "Remarkably, receptors break into two big clusters centered on reproduction and metabolism. So it rea...ression in certain tissues, separate into two main clusters to regulate reproduction and nutrient metabolism. Dr. Mangelsdorf said groups of receptors likely in...

New HIV study identifies high-risk subgroups of adolescents

...e and race were also factors in distinguishing the clusters of males, but in contrast to the authors?hypothesis, African Americans did not represent the greatest proportion of those at high sexual risk. In fact, more than half (52 percent) of the boys in the cluster reporting the most unprotected sex, and wit...

Delft water-purification method promises radical improvement

...rge tanks are needed for this because the bacteria clusters that are formed take much longer to sink than the aerobic granule sludge. According to Delft PhD researcher Merle de Kreuk, a Nereda TM purification installation needs only a quarter of the space required by conventional installations. Moreover, Ner...

New human retrovirus originated in mice

... the genetic variant we studied occurs in familial clusters that constitute only a very small sliver of prostate cancers," he said. "And secondly, there are many reasons to believe that the virus might not relate to prostate cancer." For example, he pointed out, analysis of prostate tissue by Silverman and ...

Avian flu modeled on supercomputer, explores vaccine and isolation options for thwarting a pandemic

...e Division. Los Alamos has four science appliance clusters in use at this time for a variety of projects across the full range of Laboratory mission areas. ...

Ancient fossil DNA found preserved in crystal

...hat Weiner first reported the existence of crystal clusters in fresh bones. Even when these bones are ground u...nce that removes all traces of organic matter ?the clusters of crystals remain intact and the organic material embedded in them is unaffected. Now, almost 20 ye...

Component in soy products causes reproductive problems in laboratory mice

...he researchers explain that oocytes that remain in clusters are less likely to become fertilized based on previous research. The largest difference between the genistein treated and normal mice was found at six days of age where 57 percent of the egg cells in the non-treated ovaries were single or unclustere...

New analysis shows three human migrations out of Africa

...ns based on an examination of specific haplotypes, clusters of genes that are inherited as a unit. In 2002, Templeton analyzed ten different haplotype trees and performed phylogeographic analyses that reconstructed the history of the species through space and time. Three years later, he had 25 regions to...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...technique called haplotype mapping. Haplotypes are clusters of alleles that tend to be inherited together as a group, because they are located close to each other on the same chromosome. This means that small individual variations in DNA, which originated in a distant ancestor, are often passed intact from ge...

UC San Diego partners with Venter Institute to build marine microbial genomics cyberinfrastructure

...it scientists to connect their local laboratory PC clusters directly to the CAMERA database and tools using the National LambdaRail or international optical circuits, resulting in up to a hundred-fold increase in bandwidth over current standards. The enhanced connectivity is based on a model pioneered by th...

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

...isting LFA-1 protein molecules gathered into large clusters on the cell surface. (LFA-1 proteins float in th...y can move across the surface of the cell and form clusters when directed to do so by signals from within the cell.) "Our study is the first to show that HTLV...

Testes to incubate stem cells

...ess high levels of GDNF in the testes produce huge clusters of spermatogonial stem cells. But the risk of cancer is boosted too, so it is not just about turning on the GDNF tap indiscriminately. It must be tightly regulated, Sariola pointed out. The Dutch researchers are also hunting for the ideal conditions...

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