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Tag: "circuits" at biology news

Septum keeps neurons in synch, can reduce epileptic seizures by 90 percent

... by inducing rhythmical electrical activity in the circuits of another area of the brain known as the hippocampus, according to a new study in the Journal of Neurophysiology. The researchers found that, by imposing a normal "theta" rhythm on chronically epileptic rats, they could reduce epileptic seizures by ...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...lications; and it opens the possibility for hybrid circuits that couple the strengths of digital nanoelectronic and biological computing components." ...

Ritalin packs punch by elevating norepinephrine, suppressing nerve signal transmissions

...out methylphenidate, which has an impact on neural circuits throughout the entire brain, not just the sensory pathway studied in this paper, Waterhouse noted. The changes that occur in this sensory pathway may affect other areas of the brain and changes in other areas of the brain may affect this pathway. In ...

Salk researchers make fast strides towards understanding how our body controls walking

...eatments for spinal cord injuries. "Knowing which circuits are important and understanding how they control the essential aspects of walking should put us in a better position to design treatments or implants that restore or activate these pathways," said Martyn D. Goulding, Ph.D., a professor in the Molecul...

Oops! Researchers publish new findings on the brain's response to costly mistakes

...andle on this condition and see which normal brain circuits have gone awry in people with OCD." The new finding does not have immediate implications for the treatment of OCD, Taylor cautions, but further research could help lead to more tailored treatment designed for each patient. The research team hopes to ...

Honeybee decision-making ability rivals any department committee

...e, the longer the bees waggle danced -- making 100 circuits for a first-rate site versus 12 for a mediocre one. The swarms almost always chose the excellent site. To test whether the bees decide by quorum or consensus, the researchers: offered swarms two first-rate sites on Appledore Island in the Gulf of M...

Aggression-related gene weakens brain's impulse control circuits

...nked to impulsive violence appears to weaken brain circuits that regulate impulses, emotional memory and think...mitter, norepinephrine. The weakened regulatory circuits in men with L are compounded by intrinsically weaker connections between the orbital frontal cortex ...

Engineered mouse mimics cognitive aspects of schizophrenia

...phrenia have significant limitations. The neuronal circuits affected in people are more complex than the analogous circuits in rodents. In particular, the relative size of the prefrontal cortex that is involved in the cognit...

How taste response is hard-wired into the brain

...different tastes by activation of dedicated neural circuits that dictate behavioral outputs," they wrote. ...

Stanford study of owls finds link in brain between sight and sound

...of how this works." The study determined that the circuits in the brain that process auditory information are influenced powerfully by the circuits that control where the animal is looking-the animal's direction of gaze. "The ability to hear and t...

Manipulating single cell receptor alters animal behavior

...sis. Specific areas of interest include the neural circuits that contribute to these behaviors and the intrace...ular events that occur at various nodes within the circuits pathways. In addition to the publication of this study in Endocrinology, his work has been publish...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

... genetic basis for the assembly of specific neural circuits for nociceptive information processing. "Finally, the identification of a core transcriptional control program for many of the ion channels and receptors known to transduce noxious stimuli has intriguing implications for the design of more effective...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

... I think they offer the potential of understanding circuits in sufficient detail to guide approaches to therapy, in a clinical context," said Jessell. ...

Researchers make long DNA 'wires' for future medical and electronic devices

...hers must develop technologies to mass produce DNA circuits as they produce chip circuits today. The technique that Lee and Guan used is similar to a relatively inexpensive chip-making tech...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...s. In their studies, the researchers found neural circuits that coordinate a complex interplay between neuron...urons had not been identified." To map the neural circuits involving GnRH neurons, the researchers used a genetic tracing method that they previously developed...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

...r experiments show that new neurons can join brain circuits and function in complex ways ?contributing to learning, memory and potentially to motor function ?and that we may need to retrain the brain to use the new neurons effectively." ...

Researchers quantify more noise in gene expression

...s clockwork-like regularity of downstream cellular circuits statistically impossible. Our group and others have detected and classified significant downstream fluctuations that result from this source of 'intrinsic noise' in gene expression." Hasty leads a team of researchers at UCSD that will report in the ...

Machinery of the 'marijuana munchies'

...d signaling and hence decreased excitability of LH circuits related to appetite, even in the context of leptin insufficiency or resistance." ...

DNA self-assembly used to mass-produce patterned nanostructures

...a step toward mass-producing electronic or optical circuits at a scale 10 times smaller than the smallest circuits now being manufactured. Instead of using silicon as the platform for tiny circuits, as is done in ...

A new window into structural plasticity in the adult visual cortex

...vealing that the adult brain can indeed rewire its circuits under normal conditions. The authors focused on the surface layers of the neocortex. To allow direct observation of the area, they implanted a glass window over the two areas of the visual cortex in four- to six-week-old mice. These mice express...

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