chromosomes 2 4

Tag: "chromosomes" at biology news

Researchers map of genetic variations implicated in disease

... bases that is up to 200-fold less variant between chromosomes sharing part of the same HLA type, suggesting these individuals most likely shared a common ancestor as recently as 50,000 years ago." Swapping of ancestral sequence blocks is a potential mechanism (identity-by-descent) whereby certain gene combina...

Powerful new tool for studying brain development

...n those genes, such as their function, location on chromosomes and exact DNA sequence. The BGEM gathers this information through direct links to the scientific databases PubMed, LocusLink, Unigene and the Gene Ontology Consortium, which is housed at the National Center for Biotechnology Information in the Nation...

Oh, rats! Designer animals reveal possible heart disease genes

...ts were disease-free, implying that their replaced chromosomes carried genes for high blood pressure and related conditions. In the second part of the study, TIGR molecular biologist Norman Lee led the team in using a DNA microarray technique to compare the expression of more than 22,000 genes among the hyperte...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...n the 300,000 base-pair target segment from 10 MHC chromosomes carried by five people enrolled in the study. Detailed analysis of these 10 DNA sequences revealed differences that were only present on psoriasis chromosomes, but never on normal chromosomes. Further analysis by U-M scientists narrowed the search do...

Movement of chromosome in nucleus visualized

...ucleus or to determine whether the location of the chromosomes was the result of random diffusion or if they are ...urrent Biology, UIC and UIUC researchers show that chromosomes in the cell nucleus are capable of directed, long-range movement that depends on actin and myosin, t...

Insects that produce males from unfertilized eggs reveal a surprising cellular feat

... mitotic spindle, which pulls apart the duplicated chromosomes so that each of the two daughter cells gets a comp...om unfertilized eggs, they have half the number of chromosomes that females have--in technical terms, the males are haploid and the females are diploid. This sit...

Researchers now able to look deep into heart to view triggers of a heart's beat

... mitotic spindle, which pulls apart the duplicated chromosomes so that each of the two daughter cells gets a comp...om unfertilized eggs, they have half the number of chromosomes that females have--in technical terms, the males are haploid and the females are diploid. This sit...

Strawberries by design

...es. By using a close relative that has two sets of chromosomes and a significantly smaller genome, the researchers have found a particular type of alpine strawberry that is very amenable to transformation." He added: "The transformation rate achieved is the result of innovation and great attention to experimenta...

Rewind, please: Nature paper shows that cell division is reversible

...interrupt and reverse the event, sending duplicate chromosomes back to the center of the original cell, an event once thought impossible. "Our studies indicate that the factors pointing cells toward division can be turned and even reversed," Gorbsky said. "If we wait too long, however, it doesn't work, so we kn...

Scientists discover new genetic subtypes of common blood cancer

...of the disease, they also narrow down areas of the chromosomes in myeloma cells likely to contain undiscovered ge...os: extra or missing chromosomes; pieces of broken chromosomes randomly reattached; genes that are mutated or amplified ?present in too many copies ?or are overexp...

Wisconsin scientists grow two new stem cell lines in animal cell-free culture

...he new culture mix for extended periods, and their chromosomes remained normal. "It is unclear how much these changes are related to the medium at this point, as we have occasionally observed similar changes in previous culture conditions," he says. "However, these changes do indicate that that further work i...

Scientists uncover rules for gene amplification

...ously-staining region. It's known that regions of chromosomes that are prone to amplification have palindromic sequences of DNA, which are weak places where the chromosome can break. These palindromic sequences can be naturally found in human genome. The distribution of such sequences can vary from one individ...

Speeding discovery of the 'human cancer genome'

...lready relied on large-scale structural changes to chromosomes as a way of identifying areas of the genome with potential importance for cancer. Such chromosomal rearrangements often lead to the amplification of cancer-causing genes or the loss of genes that normally suppress tumor formation. But as genome te...

Genetic tug of war determines sexual differentiation

...f Health. In mammals, a fertilized egg with two X chromosomes will become a female, while an egg with an X and Y chromosome will become a male. However, during embryonic development, the gonad has the ability to transform either into a testis or an ovary. During the earliest stages of development, both XX and X...

MIT sheds light on how tumor cells form

...at carry genetic information. The normal number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46, or 23 pairs. Aggressive tum...rowth of tumors.) Before cells divide, individual chromosomes in each pair of chromosomes must attach to a set of tiny structures called microtubules. If they att...

Johns hopkins researchers find link between cell's energy use and genome health

...art of the cell housing its genetic material - its chromosomes - rather than in the part of the cell - the mitoch... DNA is wrapped in the chromosomes. More acetyl on chromosomes leads to looser wrapped DNA. And locations along chromosomes that contain looser wrapped DNA appear ...

Cigarette smoke blocks cell repair mechanism, University of Florida study shows

... "We found significant alteration in many of the chromosomes in these cells induced by the effect of benzo[a]pyrine," Russo said. "We were the first ones to demonstrate in normal-like epithelial cells this compound produced a transformation. Cigarette smoke condensate contains more than one compound, so the UF...

Researchers develop flood-tolerant California rice

...t the rice genome ?all the genetic material in the chromosomes of rice ?has greatly accelerated progress in identifying specific genes that confer specific traits. "Currently, the International Rice Research Institute is actively crossing the submergence tolerant Indian rice with lines of rice that are widely gr...

Chromosomal abnormalities in sperm higher after vasectomy reversal

...l aneuploidy (where an abnormal number of specific chromosomes or chromosome sets exist within the nucleus of the cell) and diploidy (containing two sets of chromosomes ?unlike most cells in the body, the sex cells should only contain one set of chromosomes. "The rat...

How IVF could be causing genetic errors in embryos

...d depending on whether they have been inherited in chromosomes from the mother or the father. Professor Paolo F Rinaudo, a scientist at the Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA, said: "We found that the culture of mouse embryos in the laboratory is sufficient to alter t...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7