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Tag: "chromosomes" at biology news

Gladstone investigators discover how resting T cells avoid HIV infection

...of these cells or the creation of mutations in the chromosomes that might lead to cancer. "The possibility of exploiting the natural and potent antiviral properties of A3G to control HIV infection is very exciting," says Greene. "We have learned a great deal from our studies of how the resting CD4 T cell resist...

Mother birds increase progesterone to hatch females

... meiosis -- the cell division that divides the sex chromosomes and genetically determines the sex of an offspring -- produces significantly more females. "For years, behavioral biologists have been trying to figure out how the females of a few species, such as the Seychelles warbler, the zebra finch and tree sw...

15-year hunt finds cause of pseudothalidomide syndrome

...now, we've known that the appearance and number of chromosomes were abnormal in people with Roberts syndrome, but... is related somehow, then thalidomide might affect chromosomes and cell division like ESCO2 in Roberts syndrome, Jabs speculates. During normal cell division, eve...

Scientists analyze chromosomes 2 and 4

A detailed analysis of chromosomes 2 and 4 has detected the largest "gene deserts" kn...nalysis of the high quality, reference sequence of chromosomes 2 and 4. The sequencing work on the chromosomes was carried out as part of the Human Genome Project ...

Gene silencing technique offers new strategy for treating, curing disease

...easible." Genes are segments of DNA housed in the chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell. Genes carry instructions for making proteins, which in turn carry out all of life's functions. Faulty or mutated genes lead to malfunctioning proteins, which cause disease. The information in a gene is not directly conv...

High-powered gene profiles provide clues to genes involved in common form of lung cancer

...it possible to zoom in on smaller sections of cell chromosomes than ever before, researchers at Dana-Farber Cance...D, PhD, of Dana-Farber. "But we also know that the chromosomes of these cells contain a large number of irregular regions –?where genes have either been deleted or...

Mosaic mouse technique offers a powerful new tool to study diseases and genetics

...earchers begin with two embryonic stem cells whose chromosomes have been engineered to carry two inactivated segm...of the two engineered chromosomes. If one of those chromosomes contains a bad copy (mutation) of a gene, the recombination event could cause an offspring to inheri...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

...etic sites in the monkeys that correspond to human chromosomes linked to macular disease. One of those areas, the findings confirm, contains genes that predict age-related macular degeneration in humans and rhesus monkeys. Dawson and other researchers have suspected for years that the disease was very similar in...

Scientists succeed in cloning human embryos from eggs matured in the lab

...removed the nuclear apparatus, which contained the chromosomes that held all the genetic information. Using conve...ortant stage just before the maternal and paternal chromosomes start to pair up in preparation for the first cell division. In the case of these oocytes they had u...

Biologists determine genetic blueprint of social amoeba

...ing a physical map of the genes located on the six chromosomes of Dictyostelium. The scientists mapped the location of several hundred genes on those chromosomes based on landmarks that had been discovered over the years, then created a set of 5,000 large DNA cl...

Invitrogen Launches i-Path -- A Unique Systems Biology Platform at BIO 2005

...removed the nuclear apparatus, which contained the chromosomes that held all the genetic information. Using conve...ortant stage just before the maternal and paternal chromosomes start to pair up in preparation for the first cell division. In the case of these oocytes they had u...

Multi-species genome comparison sheds new light on evolutionary processes, cancer mutations

...tes of Health (NIH), has discovered that mammalian chromosomes have evolved by breaking at specific sites rather ...nce and Singapore compared the organization of the chromosomes of eight mammalian species: human, mouse, rat, cow, pig, dog, cat and horse. Using sophisticated com...

Researchers devise new technique for creating human stem cells

... "tetraploid" ?meaning they contained the combined chromosomes of both the somatic cells and the embryonic stem cells. One of the key findings from the study was that the fusion cells have the characteristics of human embryonic stem cells. "Our assays showed that the hybrid cells, unlike adult cells, showed the...

Survival of heart patients on beta-blockers varies greatly with genetic variation

...ients who had G bases at position 79 or 46 on both chromosomes had only a six percent mortality rate and were termed low-risk. Patients with any other combination of beta-2 gene variations had an overall 11 percent risk of death after three years and were classified as an intermediate-risk group. "Our study ma...

Engineered skin offers clues to melanoma development

...tase (hTERT), the enzyme that protects the ends of chromosomes during cell division. This enzyme is associated with the progression of many cancers. None of these mutant genes, when introduced individually or in combination, led to cancerous growth. But when a mutant form of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sen...

Ibruprofen and other commonly used painkillers for treating inflammation may increase the risk of heart attack

...tase (hTERT), the enzyme that protects the ends of chromosomes during cell division. This enzyme is associated with the progression of many cancers. None of these mutant genes, when introduced individually or in combination, led to cancerous growth. But when a mutant form of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sen...

Researchers use RNAi libraries to identify regulators of apoptosis and chemoresistance

...tase (hTERT), the enzyme that protects the ends of chromosomes during cell division. This enzyme is associated with the progression of many cancers. None of these mutant genes, when introduced individually or in combination, led to cancerous growth. But when a mutant form of Ras--produced by an oncogene that sen...

York scientists warn of dramatic impact of climate change on Africa

...rks in a similar way to the effect of evolution on chromosomes ?the programme combines different variables in lots of different ways and the bad fits are knocked out, leaving the best solutions." The York team collaborated with the Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants in Bonn and the South African National...

Researchers discover how tumor suppressor gene works

...mplex of proteins, which, when active, attaches to chromosomes and turns on many genes that promote cell growth. The p16 gene works by producing a protein that attaches to the enzymes, preventing them from performing their function. When the researchers added the p16 protein to colonies of cancer cells in cultu...

New technique could alter field of mouse genetics

...Beauty, does not appear to travel widely among the chromosomes and cannot carry larger fragments of DNA. As a res...at can insert randomly in many different mammalian chromosomes and also carry genes into mice and other organisms that are more closely related to people. PiggyBa...

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