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Tag: "chromosome" at biology news

Mining for gems in the fungal genome

...nes-are located right next to each other along the chromosome in a gene cluster. These groups of genes stand out in certain scientific analyses, making secondary metabolite gene clusters easy to spot. Keller capitalized on these facts to find actively-produced secondary metabolites. In one experiment, Jin ...

Mayo Clinic collaboration discovers protein amplifies DNA injury signals

... retardation, male infertility, immune defects and chromosome instability. The Next Step Now that they understand MDC1's role in amplifying distress calls from injured DNA to cue the repair process, the Mayo researchers are investigating another system that appears to play a similar role in the cell. "If we...

Virginia Tech helping to develop higher quality, disease-resistant wheat varieties

...t of molecular research has been conducted wherein chromosome specific DNA sequences or markers have been used t... of molecular markers that are located in the same chromosome region as the trait of interest to select for genes controlling useful agronomic traits. Breeders us...

Utah researchers confirm chromosome may harbor autism gene

...searchers have confirmed that a region on a single chromosome probably harbors a gene that causes autism. The re... families that linked autism to the same region on chromosome 3, according to principal author Hilary Coon, Ph.D., research associate professor of psychiatry. In ...

Mouse to man: The story of chromosomes

The complete sequencing of human chromosome 17 and mouse chromosome 11 offers unique insights into the evolution of the genome of higher mammals, said a Baylor College ...

On a fly's wing, scientists tally evolution's winners and losses

The complete sequencing of human chromosome 17 and mouse chromosome 11 offers unique insights into the evolution of the genome of higher mammals, said a Baylor College ...

Oh, rats! Designer animals reveal possible heart disease genes

...t, with one important change: they substituted one chromosome from the parental, hypertensive rat with the homologous chromosome from a healthy rat. Continuing this way, the team generated 22 unique designer rat strains, each bea...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

...A replication machinery can finish duplicating the chromosome despite the damaged DNA. This trick is usually referred to as a DNA damage tolerance mechanism. "It enables the replication to keep going and tolerate the damage, even though it doesn't get rid of it," Walker explained. The molecular building bloc...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...LA-C on the shelf," Elder says. Located on human chromosome 6, HLA-C is one of several genes in the major hist...PSORS1 gene down to a 300,000-base-pair segment of chromosome 6 that included HLA-C and at least 10 other genes. To determine which of the 11 genes was linked ...

Movement of chromosome in nucleus visualized

...periphery. But scientists have had no way to track chromosome movement inside the nucleus or to determine whethe...for observing nuclear motion was difficult because chromosome movement is extremely light-sensitive. One exposure to light, and the chromosome would not move, eve...

St. Jude projects 90 percent cure rate for ALL

...nother genetic abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome or a very low number of chromosomes--hypodiploidy--are at increased risk of treatment failure. Adding to the complexity of the patient's response to treatment are differences in how quickly the body activates, breaks down or eliminates specific canc...

How can we protect patients with weakened immune systems from influenza?

...ts' immune defenses. A third group of patients has chromosome 22q.11.2 deletion syndrome, a congenital multisystem disorder that impairs the immune system. Children's Hospital is a world leader in studying and treating this syndrome. Three projects involving adults are led by researchers in the University of P...

Variation in bitter-taste receptor gene increases risk for alcoholism

...etics on the variation in a taste receptor gene on chromosome 7 called TAS2R16. "In earlier work, we had identified chromosome 7 as a region where there was likely to be a gene influencing alcoholism risk," says principal inves...

Tandem transcripts team together

...1A and PSD4 , which reside side by side on human chromosome 1. These genes produce a fusion product that, during the course of evolution, inserted into a different location in the human genome (chromosome 10), becoming a new gene that is actively transcribed in a variety of tissues. "Our findings might have...

Groovy protein essential for promoting cancer development

...lysis. Telomerase has to grab on to the end of a chromosome in order to extend it, and Cech said scientists ha...hree of these severely affected the binding of the chromosome end. "They turned out to be lined up right within that groove," Cech said. The scientists found th...

Report lists top 20 most-vulnerable African carnivores

...lysis. Telomerase has to grab on to the end of a chromosome in order to extend it, and Cech said scientists ha...hree of these severely affected the binding of the chromosome end. "They turned out to be lined up right within that groove," Cech said. The scientists found th...

Aging cells, aging body: Fresh evidence for a connection

...ce of these structures signals that the protective chromosome caps called telomeres have dwindled enough to halt cell division. Scientists painstakingly counted the cells with aging biomarkers. What they found: The number of senescent cells increased exponentially with age. TIF-positive cells made up about 4 p...

Sex chromosome genes influence aggression andmaternal behavior, say UVa researchers

...rnal behavior in genetically engineered mice. "Sex chromosome genes may not be the whole story that determines h...pled the testis-determining gene Sry on the male Y chromosome from other sex chromosome genes. The presence of Sry leads to the development of the testes and high...

DNA end caps may lead to cancer treatments, UT Southwestern researchers report

...professor of cell biology. In human cells, every chromosome has a telomere at each end, and each telomere ends...y double-stranded.) The overhang at one end of the chromosome is longer than at the other. "Understanding the structure of the overhang is clearly very importan...

Wisconsin scientists grow two new stem cell lines in animal cell-free culture

... Thomson says one of the new lines had an abnormal chromosome at four months, while the second line initially wa...ate that that further work is needed to understand chromosome stability of stem cells during long-term culture." In early 2005, WiCell scientists reported that...

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