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Tag: "chemically" at biology news

Malaria vaccine prompts victims' immune system to eliminate parasite from mosquitoes

...ective vaccine based on Pfs25. These consisted of chemically linking numerous Pfs25 molecules to each other and to other proteins: Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, a protein from a species of bacteria that infects people with weakened immune systems, and ovalbumin, a protein found in egg whites. All of the ...

Research links 'ecstasy' to survival of key movement-related cells in brain

...s been linked to decreased brain activity. MDMA, chemically known as methylenedioxymethamphetamine and sold and used illegally as "ecstasy," is a synthetic stimulant that prompts the secretion of large amounts of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This secretion can lea...

A fisheye view of the deadliest breast cancer

...d common to aquariums around the world, which was chemically treated to be immune suppressed. In recent years, the zebrafish has vaulted to the top as a laboratory model organism. The zebrafish is tough, easy to breed, and a vertebrate, just like us. Being immune suppressed, the transgenic fish allowed Konsta...

Plant-derived molecules, genetic manipulation point to future chemoprevention methods

...number and sizes of tumors in mice. In addition, a chemically related drug developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals called LG100268 was effective at preventing tumor growth. "Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States," said Liby. "Since the mortality from this disease is significant, ...

Regulating the nuclear architecture of the cell

...family known as Su(var)3-9 codes for proteins that chemically modify certain histones in the nucleosomes. Su(var)3-9 proteins attach methyl groups to the histone labeled H3 at its ninth amino acid residue, which is a lysine. In the histone code the methylation target is known as H3K9, where K stands for lys...

Carnegie Mellon scientists use 'green' approach to transform plastics manufacturing

...ts. ATRP's strength lies in its ability to combine chemically diverse subunits (monomers) into multiple arrangem... vitamin C, sugars or standard free radicals -- to chemically reduce CuII to CuI. This unprecedented approach continuously reduces CuII to CuI at the same rate Cu...

Detailed 3-D image catches a key regulator of neural stem cell differentiation in action

... of the fetal nervous system and would allow us to chemically push embryonic stem cells to acquire a neuronal fa...soldiers regulates RNA polymerase II's activity by chemically modifying the long cord-like tail that hangs from its globular structure, like a chain on a light fi...

Ocean seep mollusks may share evolutionary history with other deep-sea creatures

...ame temperature as surrounding waters, but similar chemically challenging environments exist at hydrothermal vents, fissures in the ocean floor where water is superheated by magma lurking just below the crust. Although seep and vent fluids are a poisonous brew for most species, animals such as giant tube worms...

GlycoFi and Dartmouth report full humanization of yeast glycosylation pathway in Science

...ter fermentation times, and the ability to grow in chemically defined media, without risk of viral contamination from animal-derived ingredients. "Switching to this technology will also provide improvements in product uniformity and overall production economics," Dr. Gerngross said. He noted that the GlycoFi ...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...ell membrane. The team isolated this complex, then chemically analyzed the proteins attached to it. One protein they found on the exocyst, TBK-1, is known to be involved in cells' anti-viral response. "There was nothing known about that mechanism to suggest how TBK-1 could drive cancer cell survival," Dr. ...

The power of one: A simpler, cheaper method for cell fusion

...vice using Chinese hamster ovary cells, which were chemically engineered to link prior to fusion. He said his technology could be developed to fuse different types of cells in the future. Purdue's Research Foundation provided funding for Lu's research, and Lu has submitted a U.S. patent application based on ...

Researchers link ocean organisms with increased cloud cover and potential climate change

...er and size of the particles while helping them to chemically attract more moisture. The impact of isoprene on atmospheric particulate matter was previously thought to be important only for terrestrial plants, Nenes said. The researchers stumbled upon the phytoplankton-cloud connection quite accidentally. ...

Uncovering DNA's 'sweet' secret

...possible forms. "If you can change the molecules chemically or functionally, you can see what is so particular about them, why are they optimal, why are they better than others," he said. Although homo-DNA was first synthesized in 1992, a detailed picture ofthe molecule's structure had been lacking. Egli's ...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...n 40 cents a pound (~$750/ton). Viruses are either chemically inactivated by or irreversibly adsorbed to the iron, according to the scientists. Technology removes 99.999 percent of viruses The idea for the UD research sprang up when Jin and Chiu were discussing their respective projects over lunch one d...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

...itute scientist Dr. Ronald M. Evans is now able to chemically switch on PPAR-d, the master regulator that contro...s of heart disease and diabetes. The ability to chemically engineer changes in metabolism also has given the researchers more insight into how the PPAR-d switc...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

...otassium switch on or off. Their approach involved chemically shaving off all the potassium channels on the cell surface and forcing the cells to make new channels. By measuring the activity of the new channels, the researchers could identify molecules that accelerated the recovery. One chemical that proved...

Meat and two neutrons -- the key to a longer life

...r chicken fillets, for example, rather than eating chemically enhanced products themselves. Shchepinov says an occasional top-up would be sufficient to have a beneficial effect. Ageing experts are impressed with the isotopic approach. Aubrey de Grey, the Cambridge-based gerontologist, says it could be very r...

MIT biologists solve vitamin puzzle

...ized exclusively by microorganisms. B12, the most chemically complex of all vitamins, is essential for human health. Four Nobel Prizes have been awarded for research related to B12, but one fragment of the molecule remained an enigma-until now. The researchers report that a single enzyme synthesizes the fra...

Pregnancy hormone key to repairing nerve cell damage

...ontinued to generate new ones during pregnancy. By chemically destroying myelin around nerve cells, the researchers found that pregnant mice had twice as much new myelin two weeks following the damage as virgin mice and that introducing prolactin mimicked the effects of pregnancy on myelin production and repair...

Scientists unlock mystery of embryonic stem cell signaling pathway

...hat system as well. “If we can create a totally chemically defined system for growing human embryonic stem cells without any risk of contamination, it would make life much easier for scientists than it is at the moment,?says Kahn. “And that’s our goal.?"Kahn's study provides us with striking new insights int...

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