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Tag: "chemical" at biology news

Microbes compete with animals for food by making it stink

...eding and attraction behaviors. They found that chemical extracts composed of numerous compounds suppressed...g the behaviors. "But we can say the effect is chemical because we got rid of the nutrient and texture aspects of the bait and determined that it's somethin...

Single molecule extends fat mice lives by reversing gene pathways associated with disease in obese

...mine this, they looked at the amount of a specific chemical modification (acetylation) on the molecule PGC-1alpha. Removal of the "acetyl" chemical groups on PGC-1alpha activates this protein so that it can turn on certain genes that generate mitoc...

ASU researchers test antibacterial effects of healing clays

...p further and examined their crystal structure and chemical compositions. She recruited Haydel to the project ...igger than a football field). As a result, surface chemical reactions from these sites have an enormous impact on the geochemistry of the local environment. ...

Low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin may perpetuate child abuse across generations

...ife, their brains often produced less serotonin, a chemical that transmits impulses in the brain. Low levels of serotonin are associated with anxiety and depression and impulsive aggression in both humans and monkeys. Abused females who became abusive mothers in adulthood had lower serotonin in their brain...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

... team leader Lanny Schmidt, a Regents Professor of chemical engineering and materials science at the universit...erial into usable fuels has been breaking down the chemical bonds in cellulose--the material that gives plant cell walls their stiffness--to liberate simple sug...

One-of-a-kind imaging probe reveals secrets useful for drug discovery

...mponent that is inserted into the magnet to obtain chemical information from the samples. Developed by scient...his is a way we could obtain potentially important chemical information about disease from small amounts of brain tissue." Scientists used walking stick venom ...

Nobel Laureate finds 'elegant' explanation for DNA transcribing enzyme's high fidelity

...hat it may literally “trigger?the formation of the chemical bonds that link components of the growing RNA chai...hed and mismatched NTPs remained unanswered. The chemical attraction alone between RNA bases—adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil—and their complementary ba...

Bacteria in small sea life yield new way to make potential cancer drugs

...ize many small molecules. By examining the natural chemical and genetic diversity found in sea squirts and the...his paves the way to the genetic creation of large chemical libraries for testing against human diseases. "This proves the concept works," Schmidt said. "We ...

Seagrass ecosystems at a 'global crisis'

...sed in the sea ?profoundly influence the physical, chemical and biological environments of coastal waters. They provide critical habitat for aquatic life, alter water flow and can help mitigate the impact of nutrient and sediment pollution. ...

Uncovering DNA's 'sweet' secret

...up the "rails" and oxygen- and nitrogen-containing chemical "rungs" tenuously uniting the two halves - seems t...le of the DNA double helix is the result of random chemical reactions in a simmering, primordial stew. Just how nature arrived at this molecule and its sister...

Fight weeds with plant pathogens

...s for areas or production systems where the use of chemical herbicides is not permitted or feasible," said Erin Rosskopf, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Pierce, FL. "Plant pathogens may also be used when the herbicide selection or usage must be rotated with other control methods in order to prevent...

Gene linked with mental illness shapes brain region, researchers find

...ated to the neurotransmitter serotonin, one of the chemical messengers that nerves use to communicate with one another. Once specific nerve cells release serotonin, a molecule called the serotonin transporter (SERT) brings it back into the cell. Thus, serotonin has only a brief influence on the target neurons...

Two nerve cells in direct contact

...d which inhibits the H2 cell on the same side with chemical synapses. Both connections were in principle suitable for achieving the effect described; however the question remained: which of the two is the crucial one? The Max Planck scientists therefore blocked the two possible routes selectively with laser...

NHGRI aims to make DNA sequencing faster, more cost effective

... the mechanical properties of polymer molecules or chemical bonds, to DNA undergoing arrested polymerization t...etup suitable for use in a majority of biological, chemical and hospital laboratories. Peiming Zhang, Ph.D., Arizona State University, Tempe, Ariz.,$895,000...

Comprehensive model is first to map protein folding at atomic level

... Eugene I. Shakhnovich, professor of chemistry and chemical biology in Harvard's Faculty of Arts and Sciences. "One of the great problems in science has been deciphering how amino acid sequence -- a protein's primary structure -- also determines its three-dimensional structure, and through that its biological...

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

...y adept at standing up to the bacterial, viral and chemical threats in its environment. Understanding how it does so could lead to improved biodefense and better immune-boosting drugs to fight cancer and disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, say scientists at the University of Florida and the University of ...

Sequencing of the oyster mushroom genome

... it has to be taken into account that lignin has a chemical composition that is not easy to break down ?similar to some of the contaminant compounds that man releases into the environment, such as certain colorants or oils and by-products of the timber industry such as pulp and paper. Thus, the study of the...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...lized cells that capture light and convert it into chemical signals that travel through the inner retina and optic nerve and on to the brain where signals are converted to the images we see. In the majority of macular and retinal degenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pi...

Edible coatings will be the packaging of the future

... currently carried out with a mixture of synthetic chemical compounds that are not completely biodegradable. One of the most popular alternatives in the last few years is the edible coating ?a transparent film that covers the food item and acts as a barrier to humidity and oxygen. Moreover, these films can be...

Comments, experts and background on the 2006 Nobel Prize in chemistry

... the body can use it, Dr. Kornberg used a mainstay chemical technology called x-ray crystallography. "Chemistry has had a key role from the very onset of the genetics revolution. It has provided the core technologies that enabled molecular biology and biotechnology to leap ahead. I am delighted that this No...

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