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Tag: "chemical" at biology news

'Terror bird' arrived in North America before land bridge, study finds

...lly occurring metallic elements that share similar chemical and physical properties. "It was previously thou...ents' concentrations change, resulting in a unique chemical signature. "We used rare earth elements because they're highly specific to certain time periods a...

Ocean's 'twilight zone' may be a key to understanding climate change

...ent time scales," said Don Rice, director of NSF's chemical oceanography program. It also adds a new wrinkle to proposals to mitigate climate change by fertilizing the oceans with iron--to promote blooms of photosynthetic marine plants and transfer more carbon dioxide from the air to the deep ocean. "T...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

...y molecules that accelerated the recovery. One chemical that proved quite effective in improving channel r...a door than open it,?Li says. “But here we found a chemical that makes a defective protein work better. So now we have a chance to actually try to fix the cause...

With cellulosic ethanol, there is no food vs. fuel debate according to MSU scientist

...ate University ethanol expert. Bruce Dale, an MSU chemical engineering and materials science professor, has used life cycle analysis tools, which include agricultural data and computer modeling, to study the sustainability of producing biofuels ?fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel that are made from renewabl...

Volcanic eruptions, ancient global warming linked

...e end of the peak of the volcanic eruptions. Using chemical fingerprints and identical ages, they were able to positively match ash layers in east Greenland with those in marine sediments in the Atlantic Ocean. "We think the first volcanic eruptions began about 61 million years ago and then it took another...

New science of metagenomics 'will transform modern microbiology'

...sforming key elements into energy, maintaining the chemical balance in the atmosphere, providing plants and animals with nutrients, and performing other functions necessary for survival. There are billions of benign microbes in the human body, for example, that help to digest food, break down toxins, and fig...

'Hidden-hero' microbes in soil, water may help naturally clean toxic sites

...s bioremediation and artificial techniques such as chemical additions and pH adjustments. Subsurface changes a...m of subsurface microbial groups that catalyze key chemical reactions for contaminant removal from groundwater," he said. "In fact, my FSU group recently iso...

Coated nanoparticles solve sticky drug-delivery problem

...hers have found a way to coat nanoparticles with a chemical that helps them slip through this sticky barrier. ...out," said Justin Hanes, an associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering who supervised the research. "But if you want to deliver medicine in a ...

Colour sensor breath test can detect lung cancer

...ve lives, say the authors. The test comprises a chemical colour sensor, which detects tiny changes in the unique chemical signature of the breath of people with lung cancer. Metabolic changes in lung cancer cells cause ...

MIT's ocean model precisely mimics microbes' life cycles

...ne to better understand the oceans' biological and chemical cycles and their role in regulating atmospheric ca...s natural selection. It simulates the physical and chemical characteristics of the oceans, but adds to the virtual soup about 100 random types of phytoplankton....

Novel laboratory technique nudges genes into activity

A new technique that employs RNA, a tiny chemical cousin of DNA, to turn on genes could lead to therapeutics for conditions in which nudging a gene awake would help alleviate disease, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center say. The gene-activating method, which is being developed by UT Sout...

When smell cells fail they call in stem cell reserves

...erve cells in the nasal passage. Three weeks after chemical exposure, the researchers examined nasal cells to see which, if any, had grown back. They discovered that the newly grown cells, both nerve and non-nerve, grew from HBCs-a population of cells not previously known for repair abilities. “We were st...

Brain works more chaotically than previously thought

...s. Rather, it seems that the neurons release their chemical messengers along the entire length of these extens...an amazing signal conversion: the synapse releases chemical messengers, known as neurotransmitters, which diffuse to the dendrites. There, they dock onto specif...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

... Even when the mice are not active, turning on the chemical switch activates the same fat-burning process that...ty for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. This chemical switch is not the first success Dr. Evan’s laboratory has had in being able to turn on the PPAR-d sw...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...eactive iron in the filtering process to deliver a chemical "knock-out punch" to a host of notorious pathogens, from E. coli to rotavirus. The new technology could dramatically improve the safety of drinking water around the globe, particularly in developing countries. According to the World Health Organiz...

Unique tomatoes tops in disease-fighting antioxidants

...d compounds called isomers. Isomers share the same chemical formula, yet differ in chemical structure. In the case of tomatoes, the different lycopene isomers play a part in determining the co...

MIT device draws cells close -- but not too close -- together

... which don't. In the past, researchers erected chemical "moats" around cells in an attempt to keep them close but separate. Over time, however, cells invariably breech the divide. "They are very good at crossing the moat," said Bhatia, who performed several such experiments in graduate school. Bhatia a...

A sweet step toward new cancer therapies

... been modified after it was produced. But if other chemical groups such as phosphates, sulfates or sugars have been added, the identification method breaks down. "If sugars are attached, for instance, the weakest bonds are not the bonds that hold the protein together; they're the bonds between the sugars,"...

Nonvenomous Asian snakes 'borrow' defensive poison from toxic toads

.... "A snake that's dependent on a diet of toads for chemical defense is highly unusual," said Hutchinson. Hutchinson said the research had identified six compounds in the snakes that may hold promise in medical treatments for people suffering from hypertension and related blood pressure disorders. The re...

Decoy pill saves brain cells

...archers then injected the mice with kainic acid, a chemical known to cause seizures and neuron death. While seizures still occurred, as in control mice, no brain lesions were observed in the subjects. "We eliminate a big chunk of neuronal death," Baudry said. "I was surprised that this works. It looks l...

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