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Tag: "chemical" at biology news

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

...ons have resulted in unexpected changes in oceanic chemical processes. Their research results are published in... Tech and the Comer Foundation, sheds light on how chemical processes that occur throughout the world's oceans help regulate Earth's climate. Other recent sci...

Bacterial walls come tumbling down

...ith different combinations of detergent, ions, and chemical additives, Strynadka's team was able to crystallize the enzyme so that it would diffract x-rays into a pattern that would ultimately reveal its natural structure. They then were able to repeat the feat to reveal the crystal structure of the enzyme co...

Hybrid molecule causes cancer cells to self-destruct

...hat when the right sugar is matched with the right chemical partner, it can deliver a powerful double-whammy a...early stages, the researchers believe the separate chemical components work together to bolster the cancer-fighting power of butyrate. The double attack trigger...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

... "These tiny new substances are the tip of a huge chemical iceberg," says Hayes, Manager of the Chemical Safe...ons of known chemicals, of which more than 100,000 chemical compounds are in commercial use in an unknown but extremely large number of chemical mixtures. "...

Nanotechnology meets biology and DNA finds its groove

...take DNA and stiffen it by removing salts from its chemical makeup. But confining the molecule and presenting it for analysis is laborious, engaging armies of lab techs worldwide to prepare DNA samples for their moment in the lab. "To get DNA molecules to do this on surfaces is really hard," says Schwartz....

Common gene version optimizes thinking -- but with a possible downside

...witches streams of information from multiple brain chemical systems for processing by the cortex. Both the neurotransmitter that it works through, dopamine, and the chromosomal site of its gene have been implicated in schizophrenia. "Although several groups have looked for possible clinical relevance of D...

Progress toward artificial photosynthesis?

...they have successfully activated CO 2 for use in a chemical reaction by using a special new type of metal-free...ation of carbon dioxide, meaning its cleavage in a chemical reaction," explain chemists Goettmann, Thomas and Antonietti, " is one of the biggest challenges in ...

New protein inhibitor impedes growth of cancerous cells

.... In the new work, Steegmaier et al. isolated a chemical compound, which they term BI 2536, that they demon...llular processes required for cell division, and a chemical inhibitor such as BI 2536 allows Plk1 function to be experimentally disrupted at specific points dur...

New mechanism for nutrient uptake discovered

...ecule, changing the latter, and preparing it for a chemical reaction. They have found a site for phosphorylation and are looking at this possibility further. A leading expert in transporters, Professor Dale Sanders, head of the biology department at the University of York in the U.K. commenting on the wor...

Angelman syndrome deficits rescued in mice

..., CaMKII activity was reduced due to an inhibitory chemical modification (phosphorylation). Because of CaMKII's prominent role in neuronal function, Weeber suspected that this might account for many of the neurological deficits seen in Angelman syndrome children. Fortuitously, one of Weeber's colleagues ?Y...

Penn study on olfactory nerve cells shows why we smell better when we sniff

...r sense of smell works double duty, detecting both chemical and mechanical stimuli to improve how we smell, ac...types of stimulation on olfactory neurons in mice: chemical stimuli, such as those used in making perfumes that have almond-like and banana-like scents, and mec...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

...archers found that interferon gamma, a cytokine or chemical messenger that is produced by cells of the immune ...le to modify another agent ?basically working as a chemical catalyst. ...

New study sheds light on 'dark states' in DNA

...econd is not so fast compared to the speed of some chemical reactions in living cells. In tests of single DN...g-lived states? Are they precursors to some of the chemical photoproducts that we know cause damage? That's the Holy Grail in this field -- connecting our growi...

Keeping the body in sync -- The stability of cellular clocks

...m. In the tiny volume of the cell, however, the chemical environment is constantly fluctuating. How is it possible for all these cell-autonomous clocks to sustain accurate 24-hour rhythms in such a noisy environment? Using mouse fibroblast circadian bioluminescence recordings from the Schibler Lab at t...

Researcher to study astronaut bone loss for space biology agency

...ubstances: insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a chemical produced in bone and other organs that promotes the growth of bone and cartilage; IGF-1 receptor, which resides in bone cells and enables them to respond to IGF-1; and beta-3 integrin, a protein that among other roles promotes the function of IGF-1 r...

Destructive enzyme shows a benevolent side

...the enzyme. They then stressed the cells using the chemical arsenite, a relative of arsenic. The investigators found that during stress, the enzyme interacts directly with another protein called TIA-1, a key protein involved in assembling stress granules. This interaction draws the enzyme-mRNA complex into...

Phthalates now linked to fat, related health risks

Exposure to phthalates, a common chemical found in everything from plastics to soaps, alread...cult issue is what combinations of common low-dose chemical exposures might be contributing to these problems."...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

...in initiating and also interrupting the cascade of chemical reactions that leads to full-blown infection. Base... exists -- not an electrical circuit, but a set of chemical reactions that runs in a loop. First, one of HIV's genes creates the Tat protein, which is part of t...

What's in the water? Estrogenic activity documented in fish caught in Pittsburgh's rivers

... food chain, and to determine the origins of these chemical contaminants," said Dr. Volz. The study examined white bass and channel catfish caught in the Allegheny, Monongahela and Ohio Rivers. These fish are among those commonly caught as a food source by local anglers. The experiments to determine if es...

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

Purdue University chemical engineers have proposed a new environmentally frie...emy of Sciences. The paper was written by Agrawal, chemical engineering doctoral student Navneet R. Singh, and chemical engineering professors Fabio H. Ribeiro ...

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