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Tag: "chemical" at biology news

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

... one. Some researchers had suggested that when a chemical such as nicotine binds to an ion channel protein on the cell surface, the protein starts a “conformational wave” that propagates a signal through the protein body to the cell membrane, Chen said. But the molecular basis of such a wave in nAChR or a...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

..., leading to leukemia. This latter alteration is a chemical change that is not inherited. The findings cou... relative developed this form of leukemia. The chemical change is called DNA methylation. Healthy cells use this process to silence unneeded genes. But abno...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...er’s and prion diseases. “The extreme physical and chemical resistance of Bacillus spores suggests that evolutionary forces have captured the mechanical rigidity and resistance of these amyloid self-assembling biomaterials to structure the protective outer spore surface,” Plomp said. When exposed to a solu...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

...ing the Tasmanian devil’s hair to determine if any chemical or structural changes can be detected that can be correlated with the disease. “We are hoping we can work together to develop a pre-clinical diagnostic test based on recent developments in the diagnosis of human breast cancer,” Dr Church said. “...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...e rotations. __IMAGE_2 Legume plants secrete chemical signals that recruit the friendly bacteria, which work with the plants to convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia that, then, is used as fertilizer by the plants. "Agrichemicals are blocking the host plant's phytochemical recruitment signal," sa...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...ptoms of these illnesses in mice. "To have this chemical in hand and to replicate the effects of genetic ma...fter a decade of intense efforts to achieve with a chemical what has been observed in mice and humans carrying the gene variant. The lipid chaperone protein ...

New study finds genetically engineered crops could play a role in sustainable agriculture

...ield trials than those within locales treated with chemical insecticides. “This is a groundbreaking study and the first of its kind to evaluate the current science surrounding genetically modified crops. The results are significant for how we think about technology and the future of sustainable agricultur...

Breakthrough developments in rheumatoid arthritis reported

...e enzymes is present, nitrogen is removed from the chemical structure of arginine and it converts into citrulline. Laboratories have developed a test to measure for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, or anti-CCP. It is now being used as a diagnostic for rheumatoid arthritis. Scientists are now ...

Migration alert -- How tumor cells home in on the lymphatic system

...e EPFL research shows how tumor cells use a clever chemical strategy to exploit this slow, one-way flow in order to migrate to functional lymphatic vessels. As part of their intercellular drainage job, lymphatic tissues secrete small quantities of a signaling molecule. Cells migrate towards high concentr...

Researchers examine carbon capture and storage to combat global warming

...ng a three-dimensional mesh. As the gas goes up, a chemical solvent drizzles down, soaking up the gas where th...rage of carbon dioxide in deep coal beds. In coal, chemical bonds form between the carbon dioxide and the coal, making the method potentially more secure than o...

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

... antibodies work by recognizing some aspect of the chemical structure of their target -- not their shape," exp...d monomers and oligomers have the same fundamental chemical makeup, human anti-oligomer antibodies can distinguish between them. The antibodies recognize a par...

CT scan reveals ancient long-necked gliding reptile

...pts to remove the matrix using both mechanical and chemical techniques have been unsuccessful." "The fossils sit on sheets of stone less than a quarter inch thick," says Tim M Ryan, research associate in anthropology and member of Penn State’s Center for Quantitative Imaging. "The color of the bones is th...

Could fungal collection hold the key to new life-saving drugs?

... fungal samples. We hope that this novel source of chemical diversity will contain new compounds that can be used to point the way to new drugs for serious diseases.” CABI currently uses its fungal collection, along with the expertise of its scientists to offer a range of services to businesses, including ...

Plastic that grows on trees

...ldwide and nature’s most abundant sugar, to HFM, a chemical that can be broken into components for products no...F, which stands for hydroxymethylfurfural. It is a chemical derived from carbohydrates such as glucose and fructose and is viewed as a promising surrogate for p...

Marine phytoplankton changes form to protect itself from different predators

...efer eating large or small particles. “Based on chemical signals from attacked neighbors, Phaeocystis globo...tis suppresses colony formation in the presence of chemical signals from copepods and remains as small, solitary cells like these that are only a few micrometer...

Potato wart eyed as risk to potato production

...survival of fungal spores and the lack of suitable chemical controls for potato wart suppression make this disease especially problematic for any type of cultivated potato production, including small garden plots and subsistence farming to extensive land areas economically dependent on commercial production o...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a general 'control switch' for protein activity

...uses. The switch has a genetic component and a chemical component: Using genetic engineering, the scientis...f binding strongly and selectively to a particular chemical drug, which affects the activity level of the engineered protein by increasing or reducing it. When ...

Turn-ons and turn-offs for neurons

.... These nerve cells communicate with each other by chemical and electrical impulses to compute incoming sensory information and integrate it via distinct brain regions. With 20,000 - 25,000 genes in our genome, most also expressed in neurons, there is now little doubt that neurons respond to challenging envir...

Ice Age extinction claimed highly carnivorous Alaskan wolves

...ine issue of Current Biology, combined genetic and chemical analyses with more conventional paleontological study of the morphology, or form, of the fossilized skeletal remains. This multifaceted approach allowed the researchers to trace the ancient wolves’ genetic relationships with modern-day wolves, as wel...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

...d of nerve messages that over time cause permanent chemical changes in the pathways they travel along, making them more sensitive to pain and encouraging inflammation. This two-way "crosstalk" may mean that arthritis in one joint can spread, through the central nervous system (CNS), to other joints. Worse yet...

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