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Tag: "charged" at biology news

MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels

...luding the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), charged with providing data on the Earth's climate system. Vegetation plays a critical role on Earth as all animals and humans ultimately depend on it for food. Plants often provide a local habitat for other species to live in, and constitute a major sourc...

'Cookbook recipes' would cure disease with nontoxic DNA delivery systems

...udying the structure and interaction of negatively charged lipids and DNA molecules have created a "cookbook"...careful, comprehensive study to see how negatively charged lipids stick to negatively charged DNA and self-organize into structures. "Many research groups hav...

Stem cells' electric abilities might help their safe clinical use

...in a cell's outer membrane allowing the passage of charged atoms, the basis of electricity, provides an important link to the differentiation, or maturation, and cell proliferation, or growth of human ESCs." Because human ESCs can potentially provide an unlimited supply of even highly specialized cells, suc...

The dangerous legacy of lead

...t discovering how lead upsets the balance of cells charged with protecting us." Graduate student David G. Farrer, of the Department of Environment Medicine, who established that T cell function was targeted by lead, performed the laboratory work. Farrer also has shown that another crucial immune system cell...

New technique helps researchers determine amino-acid charge

...ict protonation states -- whether an amino acid is charged or not. Appropriate experimental benchmarks also had been lacking. All cells have membrane proteins that form channels to allow water and/or ions to pass through. Malfunctions have been linked to such problems as hypertension, abnormal insulin secre...

UCR environmental scientists propose chemical solution to cleaning California's Salton Sea

...e process by which clays, polymers, or other small charged particles become attached and form a fragile structure, called a floc) and enhance salt removal. Used in wastewater treatment, it enhances coagulation and settling. The polymer acts as a coagulant aid by chemically bridging reactive groups and increa...

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

...of anthrax-laced letters in 2001, anthrax became a charged topic in the research community and the general public. "Anthrax is still a hot subject because of its possible use as a weapon of bioterrorism and remains a health threat in third world countries," Guichard said. "Anthrax infections can be cured by...

A biosensor layered like lasagna

...rostatic clinginess in a polymer and an oppositely charged protein-enzyme, in this case glucose oxidase, which reacts in the presence of blood sugar. The catalyzed products from the reaction ping the carbon nanotube; if the tube is connected to an electrode, the tube will carry a signal that corresponds pre...

International HIV/AIDS trial finds continuous antiretroviral therapy superior to episodic therapy

...Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). The DSMB, charged with regularly evaluating data and safety issues during the multi-year trial, conducted a review of the interim study data in early January. The trial, known as Strategies for Management of Anti-Retroviral Therapy, or SMART, was designed to determi...

Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows

... triggering an avalanche-like reaction. Positively charged sodium ions flow through the open channels into the cell, which leads to a further increase of the membrane potential and the opening of additional sodium channels. The threshold and the speed with which the action potential originates vary from cell...

Novel virus entry mechanism could lead to new drugs against poxviruses

...hat interactions between polyanionic or negatively charged molecules on the cell surface and glycoproteins on the virus particle caused a non-fusogenic disruption of the virus outer envelope, allowing the poxvirus to enter the cell. As well as discovering how the double membrane problem is solved, the rese...

MIT researchers build tiny batteries with viruses

... charged, they can be complexed between oppositely charged polymers to form thin, flexible sheets. The result? A dense, virus-loaded film that serves as an anode. A report on the work will appear in the April 7 issue of Science. Belcher, the Germeshausen Professor of Materials Science and Engineering a...

Neuronal cell cultures kept on the straight and narrow

...le alternating layers of positively and negatively charged polymers, building up a so-called polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM). Properly selected, the PEM coating convinces the neuronal cells that they're in a good environment to attach, develop and produce the characteristic neuron projections and synapses, ...

How plants avoid feeling the burn

...r the biomolecule was in a neutral state or in the charged state (the oxidized state), while simultaneously measuring the electron transport through a single molecule. "The importance of this result is not only for understanding natural systems and photosynthesis, but also for the fact that technically, ...

UCLA scientists strengthen case for life more than 3.8 billion years ago

...samples. The microprobe shoots a beam of ions, or charged atoms, at a sample, releasing from the sample its own ions, which are then analyzed in a mass spectrometer. Scientists can aim the beam of ions at specific microscopic areas of a sample and analyze them. While critics noted there are ways to make l...

Fatty spheres loaded with siRNA shrink ovarian cancer tumors in preclinical trial

...rovides an advantage over positively or negatively charged liposomes when it comes to binding with and penetrating cells. The next step for the FAK siRNA-DOPC liposome is toxicity testing. "So far it appears to be very well-tolerated," Sood says. "We hope to develop this approach for clinical use in the f...

Diabetes hits 275 Australians each day as pandemic spreads

...a "Red Alert" to ordinary Australians and to those charged with responsibility for public health. "With 275 new cases of diabetes and 600 cases of obesity occurring each day, we now have compelling proof that Australia's diabetes epidemic is in full flight." Professor Zimmet said. In addition to measuring ...

Scientists solve sour taste proteins

... control the flow of calcium ions, or electrically charged forms of calcium, in and out of the cells. This flow of ions essentially conditions the cell so that electrical signals can be sent to the brain in response to various stimuli. The researchers stimulated mammalian cells expressing PDK1L3 and PKD2L1 ...

ABCB6 is key to production of heme in hemoglobin

...harmaceutical Sciences. "Porphyrins are negatively charged and so is the inside of mitochondria," Schuetz said. "So it wasn't clear how a negatively charged molecule could get into a negatively charged environment when it should have been repulsed--like two...

Microcapsules like it hot and salty

...from alternate layers of positively and negatively charged polymer molecules so that molecules with very different properties can be used to make the capsules. To maximize the usefulness of the capsules, it is important that the permeability of the capsule wall can be adjusted precisely. When the microc...

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