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Tag: "changing" at biology news

New Drugs For Bad Bugs: UF Approach Could Bolster Antibiotic Arsenal

...system of pumps they can use to expose bacteria to changing concentrations of an antibiotic, mimicking the concentration profile present in a patient at the actual site of an infection. They then measure how quickly the bacteria are killed or see if they regrow, and use mathematical modeling to estimate the o...

HIV-1 spread through six transmission lines in the UK

...esistance. Scientists used this data to follow the changing number of infected individuals through time and estimate the demographic parameters shaping the epidemic. During the exponential growth phase, the transmission chains had an average growth rate of a doubling of the number of people infected each yea...

Gray wolves maintain the food chain in winter

...ct on the fate of resident scavengers faced with a changing climate. Their models show that wolf kills temper ...engers, extending the time they need to adapt to a changing environment. Thanks to a rebounding wolf population, field researchers can measure the magnitude of ...

Solutions that reduce death of marine life reeled in by International Smart Gear Competition

... Indian scientists familiar with the challenges of changing fishing practices and technologies in a developing country. "While it's obvious how vital the ocean's been to me, we're all dependent on an ocean full of life and, in turn, it's dependent on our actions," said grand prize winner Steve Beverly, fishe...

Some Brain Cells 'Change Channels' To Fine-tune The Message

... So far, no one has really looked for the channel changing in other cells in the brain, he says, in part beca...ed stellate cells). But Huganir thinks the channel changing is going to be relatively common in the brain. Whether through channel changing or other, more well...

Shift of weather patterns necessitates rethinking of reforestation methods

...crease the survival rate of pine tree seedlings by changing when and how they plant, according to research conducted here. "There's been too many (reforestation) failures over the last decade or so," said Dr. Eric Taylor, Texas Cooperative Extension forestry specialist. "Some landowners have had to replant ...

Aggressive aquatic species invading Great Lakes

...mussels and carp, are invading the Great Lakes and changing the ecology of this vital ecosystem. A study from McMaster University published in the March issue of the Journal of Great Lakes Research suggests that for the round goby, a recently introduced fish species, their ability to wrest territory from nati...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...n said. "However, it turns out, for instance, that changing a single 'C' nucleotide to a 'U' nucleotide has a dramatic effect on the stability of the three-dimensional fold of the RNA, which is essential for the function of the enzyme, and causes aplastic anemia in patients who have this mutation. "There are...

Finding hidden invaders in a Hawaiian rain forest

...s detected two species of invading plants that are changing the ecology of rain forest near the Kilauea Volcan... also showed us how the forest canopy chemistry is changing as a result of the invader." The study is published in the March 7-11, 2005, early online edition of...

Newly Discovered 'Branding' Process Helps Immune System Cells Pick Their Fights

... group to the amino acid tyrosine in the peptides, changing it to nitrotyrosine. Unanue's lab then showed that these changes increased the chances that various types of T cells would react to the modified peptides shown to them by antigen-presenting cells. Unanue's group is working to substantiate their fin...

Remote control flies? Fly behavior controlled by laser light

... controls, boosting the flies' activity levels and changing their flight paths. Misenböck says the triggered behaviors can last seconds or continue for minutes, depending on whether the neural circuit activated by the remote control has feedback loops that keep the circuit. "In the case of the flight circuit...

UCLA study assesses cost-effectiveness of Hepatitis B drugs

...ir alone 5) Beginning therapy with lamivudine, but changing to adefovir if viral resistance is encountered. Investigators found that the newest drug therapy -- adefovir ?was not cost-effective when taken alone. However, adefovir was very cost-effective when reserved as a second-line agent in people who devel...

At the molecular level, the predator is the prey

... two ways, either by altering existing genes or by changing patterns and amounts of expression. The current Na...ve no evidence, nor reason to believe, that TTX is changing too, but rather that the toxin responds in quantity. Pour on more toxin, change the snake's sodium c...

Natural Killers Could Lead to New Hepatitis Treatments

...n against blood flow, passing one another and even changing direction, said Littman. “It is very different from the kind of classical mechanism of lymphocytes rolling through vessels with the blood flow and when they are activated coming to a stop and then crossing through vessel walls in response to a signal...

Some Brain Cells Change Channels

... So far, no one has really looked for the channel changing in other cells in the brain, he says, in part beca...ed stellate cells). But Huganir thinks the channel changing is going to be relatively common in the brain. Whether through channel changing or other, more well...

Active Vaccine Prevents Mice From Developing Prion Disease

...turally in the body. But the prions turn deadly by changing shape. These "misfolded" proteins tend to aggregate in toxic, cell-killing clumps. As an infection takes hold, prion proteins invade brain tissue and force normal proteins to adopt their configuration. In time, the diseased animal develops dementia, ...

Tamoxifen-like drug suggests new ways to selectively block estrogen

...ssential for these interactions," Greene said. "By changing the conformation of the estrogen receptor, this drug changes the way it interacts with a whole series of related downstream molecules. And those interactions explain why these drugs have different effects in different locations, such as breast, bone ...

Gene silencing technique offers new strategy for treating, curing disease

... as think about ways to correct genetic disease by changing mutant gene sequences back to normal," Dr. Corey said. "Those types of things now look a lot more feasible." Genes are segments of DNA housed in the chromosomes in the nucleus of every cell. Genes carry instructions for making proteins, which in tur...

Scientists discover global pattern of big fish diversity in open oceans

...cean structure and it shows that human activity is changing those patterns for the largest fish." Hotspots for Conservation? These open ocean hotspots appear vitally important for many different species, from zooplankton to tuna, and ?despite shrinking ?have stayed relatively constant in location over the p...

The making and breaking of microtubules

... subunits during polymerization. "With cryo-EM, by changing the parameters we could see how different polymer forms convert," says Nogales. Nogales and Wang first tackled the depolymerization process, watching what happens to microtubules when GDP is bound to tubulin. During this process tubulin protofilamen...

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