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Tag: "challenges" at biology news

Learning to fight an adversary that won't stay down

...sistant tuberculosis, provide good examples of the challenges we face, says Dr. Davies. Ironically, he says, advances in molecular biology techniques have shown just how adept these pathogens are at adapting to anything we can throw at them. Innovations such as highly efficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...ing to improve plants' resistance to environmental challenges -- or their ability to perform useful tasks such as carbon sequestration, phytoremediation, or the production of bio-fuels -- could also use functional imaging to help track their progress. In the New Phytologist study, the scientists asked how plan...

The BIOS Initiative - open source biotechnology is born

...d building communities of innovation to tackle the challenges of global health, poverty and hunger. These problems are best solved by empowering untapped resources - the countless creative people who are currently marginalized", says Jefferson, an influential scientist who in 2003 was named as one of Scientific...

Plants defy Mendel's inheritance laws, may prompt textbook changes

...c training tells us that's just not possible. This challenges everything we believe. "We've done a lot of experiments, described in this paper, that show none of the simple explanations account for this skipping of generations by an inherited trait." The scientists kept the plants in isolation so they couldn'...

The very unexpected life and death of a leukemic cell

...n birth and/or death rates of the CLL cells. This challenges the dogma that CLL is a purely accumulative disorder where leukemic cells accumulate because they cannot die. Clearly CLL is a disease in which there is a dynamic interplay between rates of cell division and cell death. The data could enable physicia...

Wiley announces publication of Databasing the Brain

...and disease represents one of the great scientific challenges of our time. The emerging field of neuroinformatics integrates neuroscience with informatics to create unique databases and analytical tools for the large variety of neuroscience data types, applying them to brain research and linking them with datab...

Researchers develop rapid diagnostic tool for pathogen identification

... This new technology platform addresses important challenges for infectious disease identification—sensitivity and breadth. Mass Tag PCR provides the ability to be precise in identification, as well as the ability to apply current diagnostics to more than one pathogen at a time, thereby reducing the time neede...

UCLA launches $20 million stem cell institute to investigate HIV, cancer and neurological disorders

...e interdisciplinary approach necessary to face the challenges related to stem cell research. "Embryonic stem cells have the power to develop into every type of human tissue," said Witte, who also is a professor of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigato...

Reducing malarial transmission in Africa

...ica, mostly in young children. One of the greatest challenges facing Africa in the fight against malaria is drug resistance; resistance to chloroquine (CQ), the cheapest and most widely used antimalarial, is common throughout Africa, and resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), the first-developed and leas...

Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show

...o keep wildlife away from the plants. "One of the challenges in developing transgenic plants for remediation is engineering them in such a way that the risk of gene transfer is reduced or eliminated," said Banuelos. Terry said that techniques now being developed by plant geneticists -- such as modifying chlor...

Microbial forensics: The next great forensic challenge

...ks, and perhaps deter them. The opportunities and challenges facing the new field of microbial forensics will b...makers." Murch and other scientists point to many challenges posed by bioterrorism, including that numerous pathogens exist in nature and do not necessarily requ...

Solutions that reduce death of marine life reeled in by International Smart Gear Competition

... and a team of Indian scientists familiar with the challenges of changing fishing practices and technologies in a developing country. "While it's obvious how vital the ocean's been to me, we're all dependent on an ocean full of life and, in turn, it's dependent on our actions," said grand prize winner Steve Be...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...t of the same haplotype. The Maine research group challenges that proposal, demonstrating that genes within a haplotype function independently. The group included Dr. Antonio Planchart of the Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory and the College of the Atlantic, Bates College undergraduate Jennifer Reynold...

A little stress gives beneficial oomph! to immune system

...the lymph nodes that drain the skin. "Most immune challenges or wounds involve on the skin or other epithelial ...numbers," Dhabhar said. "Different types of immune challenges may produce different cocktails of immune proteins," he continued. "Knowing how the body's stress ho...

Changing ecosystems throw scientists mega-challenges

...logical and chemical terrorism. Among the research challenges are the need to understand how and why these changes are occurring—especially when multiple stresses are acting on environmental systems simultaneously—and how best to respond to them. "Now more than ever," write the members of the NSF Advisory Comm...

Wake Forest scientists find new combination vaccine effective against plague

...rk with dangerous pathogens. Mizel said the actual challenges of vaccines against plague are occurring in that safe laboratory in Blacksburg, Va., and not in Winston-Salem. Flagellin is taken from bacterial flagella, whiplike appendages that are used by bacteria to move around their environment. Thus it is pos...

Insects, viruses could hold key for better human teamwork in disasters

...surface locations. Contractor said that one of the challenges being explored in the new research is "how first responders have to rely on local information and often work in the absence of global information." "An emergency-response strategy based on complete global information being made available instantly t...

DOE JGI launches IMG public online microbial genome data clearinghouse

...ss the possibilities that they hold for addressing challenges in environmental cleanup, medicine, agriculture, industrial processes, and alternative energy production." The DOE JGI is currently producing nearly one-quarter of the number of microbial genome projects worldwide, more than any other single institu...

$5.1 billion would save 6 million children

...ld death and for international donors. The biggest challenges are increasing the delivery of health services and the lack of readily available funds," said Robert E. Black, MD, MPH, corresponding author of the study and chair of the Bloomberg School of Public Health's Department of International Health. One of...

UN: World in big ecological mess

...f South and Southeast Asia ?also face the greatest challenges in achieving the MDGs, such as halving extreme poverty by 2015. In sub-Saharan Africa the number of poor is forecast to rise to 404 million in a decade from 315 million in 1999. The report was launched simultaneously at several UN headquarters aroun...

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