challenge 2 4

Tag: "challenge" at biology news

Vaccine shown effective against chancroid

...d hemoglobin receptor protected the animals from a challenge infection, even after multiple attempts at infection. Blood tests showed that the immunized pigs formed antibodies that prevented the chancroid bacteria from binding hemoglobin and, hence, obtaining the heme it needs to survive, the authors said. ...

Biological motors sort molecules one by one on a chip

...over the sea of small kinesin motors. A particular challenge of the research was to ensure beforehand that the microtubule tubes could be transported in a determined direction and were not dislodged by collisions of the motor carpet. PhD student Martin van den Heuvel, master student Martijn de Graaff and gr...

Massive duplication of genes may solve Darwin's 'abominable mystery' about flowering plants

...by confining their study to duplicated genes. The challenge was to distinguish isolated duplications from whole-genome duplications after a period of time in which direct evidence for a genome-wide duplication may have disappeared. Any duplicated gene gives rise to two "paralogs," which are each subject to r...

New research finds surveys of larval-stage organisms effective for measuring marine biodiversity

...ld within 25 years. However, the magnitude of this challenge is not well known, especially when it comes to vast and often inaccessible marine environments. To date, surveys of species diversity in the world's oceans have focused on adult organisms, but new research from Boston University has found that studyi...

New research promising for improving brain cell survival after brain injury

...the American Society for Neuroscience. "Now our challenge is to understand how BP5 performs it neuron-savingfunction and develop drugs that can do the same thing," Prof Tan said. "Ultimately, we want to deliver the drug to patients suffering brain injury from stroke or trauma so save as many neurons as p...

Scientific issues associated with carbon-neutral energy sources such as cellulosic ethanol

...ver, because of competing uses for land, a central challenge for 21st century biologists is to increase the efficiency of solar energy capture to the theoretical limit by rational methods. In order to accomplish this we need to acquire and integrate all aspects of knowledge about plant biology into a systems ...

Smell of success for nanobiosensors

...ould have a major impact on other sectors. A major challenge of these new diagnostic tools lies in the establishment of a precise odorant disease signature, understood as the mix of volatile compounds whose concentration in a body fluid (i.e. urine, blood, pus, etc) or in the breath varies in patients with the...

Global warming may warrant new approaches to ecosystem restoration

...ble in the future They see the largest potential challenge ahead is restoring environments undergoing the most rapid rate of change in the earth's history. This global climate change is likely to have important regional consequences for biota and ecosystems. Ecological restoration, including reafforest...

Gold nanoparticles could improve antisense cancer drugs

... published May 19 in the journal Science. A major challenge has been delivering antisense drugs to cells inside the body while avoiding their break down along the way. The Northwestern team shows that by attaching multiple strands of antisense DNA to the surface of a gold nanoparticle (forming an "antisense n...

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...o determine the structure of p53 bound to DNA, the challenge for the scientists was that their efforts to crystallize the p53 dimer bound to DNA consistently resulted in structures that could not bind to DNA. (Crystallization is a prerequisite for obtaining the type of three-dimensional image sought in this st...

Virus has 'catastrophic' affect on red squirrels, research shows

...n no outbreak. Until now the reds' main survival challenge was believed to be competition with grey squirrels over resources. However, this research highlights the urgency for new conservation strategies for the red squirrel, a species that has been in Britain for the last 10,000 years and is protected unde...

Matrilin-3 gene discovered to prevent onset of osteoarthritis

...eveloping deformities in childhood. The results challenge one theory of osteoarthritis ?that the disease is caused by degeneration from an abnormal skeletal structure. "Our study shows that even in those normal looking skeletons, you still develop osteoarthritis. So there's not necessarily a link between ...

Radiation-killed bacteria vaccine induces broad immune response in mice

... heat-killed bacteria, provides protection against challenge with live Listeria. The irradiated bacteria also s... is potentially of great importance in meeting the challenge of creating vaccines that are safe, effective and simple to manufacture and transport," says NIH Dir...

Study finds how organs monitor themselves during early development

...r their work," she says. A researcher studying the challenge of infertility in humans could apply this study to his or her own work, Dr. Gilboa explains. Studying a model organism like the fly with its short generation time and ease of handling allows us to address even complicated matters like the development...

APS lecturer shows rare video of 'teacher-student' immune cell interactions in live animal

...ook at what is happening in the immune system. The challenge in adapting the technology was that it takes 15-30 seconds to generate the necessary series of photographs to create the 3-dimensional footage and the animal must remain perfectly still for it to work. It took a year to figure out how to keep the an...

Stem cells can repair torn tendons or ligaments

...don and ligament injuries present a major clinical challenge to orthopedic medicine. In the United States, at least 200,000 patients undergo tendon or ligament repair each year. Moreover, the intervertebral disc, which is composed in part of tendon-like tissue, tends to degenerate with age, leading to the ve...

Suicide risk does not increase when adults start using antidepressants, study finds

... risk posed by older medications. These findings challenge a 2004 advisory by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which warned that suicidal behavior may emerge after treatment with the newer antidepressant drugs has begun. "Our findings show that, fortunately, suicide attempts and death by suicid...

Mutation in blood stem cells provides clues to cancer development

...hool of Medicine said, "We now appreciate that the challenge in fighting certain forms of blood cancer is partly due to a reservoir of leukemic stem cells that are resistant to current therapies. The discovery of the JAK2 mutation in stem cells in patients with PV is an important first step in developing trea...

A large step forward in the fight against African sleeping sickness

...hen it is present in very high concentrations. The challenge for the researchers was to get this truncated ApoL-1 variant efficiently to the place where it is needed: onto the surface of the parasite. Nanobody carries ApoL-1 variant to the parasite Under the direction of Serge Muyldermans and Patrick De Bae...

Liquid crystals show promise in controlling embryonic stem cells

...," including skin, heart or brain cells. The main challenge facing stem cell research is that of guiding differentiation along these well-defined, controlled lineages. Stem cells grown in the laboratory tend to differentiate in an uncontrolled manner, resulting in a mixture of cells of little medical use. N...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9