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Tag: "challenge" at biology news

Malaria may fuel spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa

...al public-health system's failure to deal with the challenge of HIV/AIDS contributes directly to its failure to tackle other public-health challenges such as malaria and tuberculosis," Abu-Raddad said. "As long as HIV/AIDS continues to spread, it will aggravate the difficulties we face with these other disease...

Mayo researchers discover HIV dependence on a human protein

...hemes to evade. Quite a few more likely exist. The challenge is to use the right methods to find them." How HIV Infects Humans -- Cannot Currently Be Eradicated Each time HIV reproduces itself, it uses its integrase protein to insert a copy of its genome into a chromosome. That copy becomes a permanent arc...

'Best of both worlds' -- Targeting a single gene could inhibit bone decay and stimulate bone growth

... as the population continues to age. "The main challenge is how to prevent bone decay while also encouraging bone growth," said Choi. The basic principles behind bone metabolism are largely understood, hence a handful of drugs treating osteoporosis are available. Most drugs inhibit osteoclasts, which c...

Nanoparticle assembly enters the fast lane

...les into larger functional systems remains a major challenge for scientists. The Brookhaven results, published online on October 11, 2006, by the Journal of the American Chemical Society, are a step in that direction. "Understanding how to self-assemble these types of nanomaterials has applications in all are...

The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource

...along with a reduction of greenhouse gases." "The challenge of global warming requires global solutions," said Martin Godbout, President, Genome Canada. "The international consortium that successfully sequenced the poplar genome provides a model for great minds working together and serves as an example of how...

Beyond the book: Software automates access to brain atlases

...of displaying and organize visual information. The challenge is making it easier to consult and compare data about a three-dimensional organ ?a rat, mouse, or human brain ?that is stacked up in hundreds or thousands of cross sectional views. Now researchers need to open a book to do this, which can slow thin...

Experimental vaccine protects mice against deadly 1918 flu virus

...l DNA vaccine. All 10 vaccinated mice survived the challenge with the deadly virus. To explore how the vaccine protected the animals, the researchers first depleted other mice of T-cells; however, this had no effect on the immunity of the vaccinated mice to the 1918 virus. In contrast, the researchers discover...

Effective HIV control may depend on viral protein targeted by immune cells

...a broad range of viral proteins, but these results challenge that dogma." While many strategies for developing a vaccine to control HIV focus on the activity of the CD8 T lymphocytes that recognize and destroy virus-infected CD4 T cells, the fact that even patients in the last stages of AIDS can have measu...

Batfish to the rescue!

...and reef managers, the batfish has thrown up a new challenge ?how to identify other 'sleeping functional groups' that may prove lifesavers for the reef, but whose habits and abilities we as yet know nothing about....

Handling HPV vaccines and screening: The views of 100 authors

... cervical cancer. "An unprecedented and phenomenal challenge for Public Health in the 21st century", according to Dr. Xavier Bosch, Guest Editor and driving force behind this monograph; "The background, the results, the challenges and a set of proposals are analyzed by a group of 100 independent experts, leade...

Other patients bear the real cost of Herceptin

...sly not definitive, but illustrate the fundamental challenge facing the NHS ?the tension between national priority setting and local implementation, they add. This situation highlights our central argument, that as NICE guidance provides no extra funding or any suggestion of which services to cut, medical p...

Hard-wiring the fruit fly's visual system

...In vertebrates, complexity is added because of the challenge of millions of neurons having to make billions of precise connections. You have to work with a gross topological map first, and neuronal activity refines this map later," he said. The study adds to an ongoing debate about the extent to which brain...

Inflammation markers identify fatigue in breast cancer survivors

...nt fatigue. Battling breast cancer is a daunting challenge to women diagnosed with the disease, but with advanced screening and treatment strategies, patients with early stage breast cancer are surviving longer. Breast cancer survivors are the largest group of patients to overcome any type of cancer in the U...

Genetic 'roadmap' charts links between drugs and human disease

...ompletely different scientific languages." A key challenge in biomedicine is to connect each human disease with drugs that effectively treat it and to understand the molecular basis for such drugs' effects. To solve this problem systematically, the scientists described the effects of drugs and diseases in th...

Major cancer study aims to identify protein markers for early-stage disease

...sense of the information, says Fisher. Part of the challenge will be the need to piece together data on fragments of individual proteins, rather than whole molecules, a result of a limitation of mass spectrometry: The instrumentation is not able to weigh an entire protein. The protein must first be cut, with ...

St. Jude test of bird flu vaccine proves successful

...ferrets that received the DNA vaccine survived the challenge with the virulent H5N1 strain, while those that received a "blank" vaccine control did not survive. The vaccine also prevented weight loss in all animals challenged with the virulent virus, suggesting that the vaccine might also protect humans agains...

New treatment for severe malaria

... on the vessel wall, and thus act like a glue. The challenge facing scientists has been to break these bonds so that the infected blood cells can be transported by the blood stream into the spleen and destroyed. The research group, which is headed by Professor Mats Wahlgren, has now developed a substance tha...

Light-sensitive photoswitches could restore sight to those with macular degeneration

...ood diseases, that can be activated by light. This challenge lies at the frontier of nanomedicine." The research got off the ground this month thanks to a $6 million, five-year grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), part of a nanomedicine initiative within NIH's Roadmap for Medical Research. The...

Study defines effective microbicide design for HIV/AIDS prevention

...ing women with improved microbicides is a pressing challenge because women now account for a growing number of new infections worldwide, the researchers said. By applying fundamentals of physics and chemistry, the researchers developed a computer model that can predict the effectiveness of various microbicid...

A rice future for Asia

...on its history and culture," Dr. Gomez added. "The challenge is to try and translate this into a sense of excitement and interest amongst young people in Thailand and all over Asia." ...

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