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Tag: "challenge" at biology news

Undergraduate research shows leaderless honeybee organizing

...manage complex group activities. “It is a real challenge to understand how bee colonies work, but it is also fascinating because they are so different. Evolutionarily, they got to the same point as humans – living in these highly organized societies that function with remarkable efficiency -- but they ar...

New findings challenge established views on human genome

...ng of how the human genome functions. The findings challenge the traditional view of our genetic blueprint as a tidy collection of independent genes, pointing instead to a complex network in which genes, along with regulatory elements and other types of DNA sequences that do not code for proteins, interact in ...

'Virtual Patient' to simulate real-time organ motions for radiation therapy

...formance offers the ultimate solution." The key challenge in this project is to develop the algorithms that will make the virtual lungs and adjacent tissues move in real time according to realistic tissue biomechanical properties, De said. Xu expects that the physics-based 4-D VIP-Man will eventually be ...

Machine preservation may promote more organ sharing

...d storage. "The critical organ shortage poses a challenge to optimize the use and function of all organs from deceased donors," said Stratta, explaining why it is important to compare the two methods of preservation. With machine preservation, donated organs are connected to a portable pump to maintain a...

Chronic fatigue syndrome impairs a person's slow wave activity during sleep

...ve also conducted studies of SWA response to sleep challenge in depression, and the results are very different. Depressed women did not show a blunted SWA response to sleep challenge. The present CFS study included only women, and none had current depression. Therefore, our results cannot be explained on th...

Students invent protective pouch to enhance cell therapy

...iated the chance to solve a real-world engineering challenge while drawing on the expertise of prominent researchers such as Arepally and Bulte. "I don’t think I could have found an opportunity like this anywhere else," he said. "That’s one of the major strengths of Johns Hopkins." Link plans to continue worki...

New bacteria test could improve quality of fruit and vegetable juice

...said. He said identification is a challenge because spoilage can be difficult to distinguish visibly until test results are confirmed or after juice products have been opened and tasted by consumers. In addition to agitating taste buds, the latter can affect consumer confidence. ...

Sleepless for science: Flies show link between sleep, immune system in Stanford study

...ep is disrupted, does that affect immunity" The challenge was how to disrupt the flies' sleep. Schneider tried building a machine that jostled the flies randomly. "All it was really good at doing was throwing the tubes around the room," said Schneider. "Also it was too regular, the flies got used to it so t...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...evelopment of an HIV vaccine is a complex research challenge because the virus is unusually well-equipped to el...ls." Dr. Johnston adds, "An important research challenge is to determine if these so-called T-cell vaccines that primarily induce a cellular immune response ...

Scientists discover new life in the Antarctic deep sea

...of the global marine species. Our research results challenge suggestions that the deep sea diversity in the Southern Ocean is poor. We now have a better understanding in the evolution of the marine species and how they can adapt to changes in climate and environments." Dr Katrin Linse, marine biologist fro...

Peanut allergies overstated, study finds

...ic to peanuts when they took a peanut challenge. A challenge involves eating peanuts in a hospital environment....ably NOT allergic to peanut and will need a peanut challenge to determine if they are allergic. "If the child is able to tolerate normal amounts of peanut eve...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

...e original cell are labeled. The team's second challenge was to find a way of targeting the viral infection specifically to particular cells, so that the virus could be used to map the connections of cell types of interest or even of single cells. The solution came from a conversation between Callaway and ...

Need oxygen? Cells know how to spend and save

...hondria to changes in oxygen levels may be a major challenge for most organisms on Earth." ...

Massive coral death attributed to earthquake

... although the process may take many years. "The challenge now is to work with local communities and government agencies to protect these reefs to ensure the recovery process continues," he says. The team found coral reefs ranging from highly diverse assemblages of branching corals in sheltered waters to va...

Blame the brain for high blood pressure

...d increase blood flow within the brain. The future challenge will be to understand the type of inflammation within the vessels in the brain, so that we know what drug to use, and how to target them. JAM-1 could provide us with new clues as to how to deal with this disease. ? Professor Jeremy Pearson, Associa...

Migration played key role in HIV spread in South Africa

...that met selection criteria, 12 were classified as challenge studies because they examined the link between short-term marijuana use and airway response. Eleven of the 12 studies found an association between short-term marijuana use and relaxation and opening of the air passages. The study's physiologic d...

Stability of mRNA/DNA and DNA/DNA duplexes modulates mRNA transcription

...n-access online journal PLoS ONE. "These findings challenge the way we look at DNA," says Stoynov. "Until now we have pretty much simplified our view of DNA helix as a Lego combination of four different pieces, which encodes genetic information and contain patterns, recognized by DNA binding proteins. However...

Long-term marijuana smoking leads to respiratory complaints

...that met selection criteria, 12 were classified as challenge studies because they examined the link between short-term marijuana use and airway response. Eleven of the 12 studies found an association between short-term marijuana use and relaxation and opening of the air passages. The study's physiologic d...

RNA enzyme structure offers a glimpse into the origins of life

...ic acids). The circularity of this process poses a challenge for theories about the origins of life. "Which came first, nucleic acids or proteins? This question once seemed an intractable paradox, but with the discovery of ribozymes, it is now possible to imagine a prebiotic 'RNA World' in which self-replic...

Studies yield insight into the numerical brain

...hey found. The researchers concluded that "results challenge the commonly held belief that numbers are represented solely in an abstract way in the human brain." The authors also concluded that their results "advocate the existence of distinct neuronal populations for numbers, which are notation dependent in t...

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