chain 2 2

Tag: "chain" at biology news

Critical step traced in anthrax infection

...mplex on the surface of the host cell to set off a chain of events leading to cell toxicity and death. Protective antigen (PA) is one of these proteins, and after binding to the cell, seven copies of it assemble into a specific complex that is capable of forming a pore in a cellular membrane. The pore perm...

Proteomics brings researchers closer to understanding microbes that produce acid mine drainage

... probably the first step in the electron transport chain associated with the metabolism of the organism." Interestingly, many of the proteins produced by the biofilm bacteria are responsible for maintaining correctly folded proteins and defending against free radicals, "suggesting that these are significa...

Researchers develop promising new gene network analysis method

.... When a deadly "oncoprotein" is switched on, what chain reaction of gene activity does it set off? The pr...dy this web of connections would be to set off the chain reaction and study it over time. To make that happen, Brown researchers came up with a clever experi...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

...when vasopressin binds to the V2R, it stimulates a chain of events inside the cell. Vesicles containing the water channel Aquaporin 2 (AQP-2) are shuttled from the cytoplasm to the apical membrane of the collecting duct kidney cells. This process increases water permeability and diminishes urine output fro...

New protein vital for immune response is found in surprise location

...ron, which in turn fights off the virus. But the chain of events between RIG-I's encounter with the virus and the interferon response is not known. Researchers have been trying to identify and characterize the proteins involved in an effort to better understand the nature of viral infection and how to co...

Aptamer-based Biosensor screens Air Force personnel and equipment

...ped biochemical assay based on aptamers, or single chain DNA fragments. "We've used our lab's expertise to develop an instrument that's complementary to the Air Force's technology and that simultaneously satis? es the speed, specificity, sensitivity, portability, durability, health and safety needs," said...

A molecule impedes the destruction of the 'Brucella' bacteria

...ophage. Here the bacteria multiply and establish a chain of events that determine the illness. Brucellosis, the illness caused by these bacteria, is of great importance worldwide, with millions of human beings and domestic animals affected. This discovery not only means new useful ideas for other research...

Virologist finds contagious equine flu in dogs

... highly sensitive test -- called a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) that amplifies and detects small amounts of DNA or RNA in a blood or tissue sample -- ruled out avian flu strains H5 and H7. The isolate was then sent to the CDC where Ruben Donis, Cornell Ph.D. '87, one of Dubovi's former graduate studen...

Microbe has huge role in ocean life, carbon cycle

...nic molecules, creating the foundation of the food chain and producing oxygen. About half of photosynthesis and the resulting oxygen on Earth are produced by algae in the ocean, and microbes like SAR11 recycle organic carbon - producing the nutrients needed for algal growth. "Ultimately, SAR11 through its...

Proposal would allow wild animals to roam North America

...idence shows that animals near the top of the food chain play important roles in structuring ecological systems and maintaining biodiversity, according to the paper. These keystone species -- animals that contribute to diversity of life and which the rewilding researchers would like to reintroduce -- play ...

UIC developing drug for SARS

... steps in that process is the production of a long chain of proteins, all of which are needed for the virus... to propagate. Two enzymes, or proteases, clip the chain to release the individual proteins, the parts needed to assemble a mature virus. These two protease...

'Underground' tunnels discovered as means for communication between immune system cells

... the slightest poke to a single cell can set off a chain reaction whereby cell after cell discharges bursts of calcium. In their earlier studies, they described how dendritic cells unfurl hidden veils - membranes that are so thin they can barely be imaged - and use these veils to move in on and capture th...

No small feat: First ever gene therapy success for muscular dystrophy achieved

...rround muscle cells and is an integral link in the chain of proteins that regulate the cell's normal contraction and relaxation. If the protein is defective, or is lacking, this outside scaffold, called the extra-cellular matrix, disintegrates, and the muscle cells become vulnerable to damage. Simply repl...

Results of world's first gene therapy trial for arthritis show approach safe, feasible

...vial cells, and hence, setting off the destructive chain reaction that follows. In essence, they needed a way to plug up the receptor and found such a device in a gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist, or IL-1 Ra. Because it was the first trial of its kind and safety was a key concern, the protocol w...

Whisky fans can drink to crop research

...op is used to make beer and whisky with the supply chain from farmer to product employing over 13,000 people, mainly in rural communities. Whisky is consistently the biggest food and drink export earner for the UK. The new £1.8m project "Association Genetics of UK elite Barley" is sponsored by BBSRC, the ...

Firefly protein lets researchers monitor molecule linked to cancer

... point in the middle of an important set of linked chain reactions known as the NF-KappaB pathway. The pathway can start at many different receptors on cell surfaces; its finish changes the activity levels of varying genes. The result, according to Piwnica-Worms, is that the potential reaction patterns in ...

New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system

..., has found that damage to a cell's DNA sets off a chain reaction that leads to the increased expression of a marker recognized by the body's immune system. The new findings, to be published July 3 in an advanced online issue of Nature, shed light on a long-standing question of how the natural killer (NK)...

Renewed hope for Parkinson's patients

..., has found that damage to a cell's DNA sets off a chain reaction that leads to the increased expression of a marker recognized by the body's immune system. The new findings, to be published July 3 in an advanced online issue of Nature, shed light on a long-standing question of how the natural killer (NK)...

Life in deadly conditions

...e energy metabolism - for example, the respiratory chain - are embedded in the cell membrane and have to be...r whether Natronomonas pharaonis has a respiratory chain and which ions would play a role in its functioning. The bioinformatics expert Michaela Falb and bio...

Seafloor creatures destroyed by ice action during ice ages

...tal shelf or starved to death as links in the food chain were broken by the permanent ice cover. There would have been no refuge for shallower living animals further down the continental slope, as huge sediment slides would have buried them. Typically these ecosystems would have been made up of sponges, ur...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7