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Tag: "cerebral" at biology news

Scientists develop a way to make the deadliest toxin known even more toxic

...yond its cosmetic use--multiple sclerosis, stroke, cerebral palsy, migraine, and backache are just a few of the conditions for which BoNT has proven surprisingly effective. The discovery of small molecule activators may ultimately provide a valuable method for minimizing dosage, reducing resistance, and incre...

Stem cell transplants improve recovery in animal models for stroke, cerebral palsy

...perienced by adults with a stroke or newborns with cerebral palsy can significantly enhance recovery from thes...lls within the penumbra." Animals in the model of cerebral palsy, a condition caused by an ischemic injury similar to stroke but occurring before or during bir...

Dying of excitement

... central nervous system (CNS) -- in the plasma and cerebral spinal fluid. One possible explanation for this glutamate build-up, reported online on March 6th in The Journal of Experimental Medicine, is a mutation in the gene encoding the glutamate transporter protein EAAT2. This mutation --- a single nucleot...

Possible brain hormone may unlock mystery of hibernation

...n blood, the putative hormone rose dramatically in cerebral spinal fluid, they reported. Likewise, HPc levels decreased abruptly in spinal fluid when hibernation terminated. The researchers also found that blocking the activity of one of the HP complex proteins in the brain with antibody greatly decreased th...

Ritalin packs punch by elevating norepinephrine, suppressing nerve signal transmissions

...hat convey this sensation from the whiskers to the cerebral cortex. They compared the rat's sensory pathway response to the whisker stimulation when receiving two different doses of methylphenidate. They found that both the low and moderate doses of methylphenidate: Elevated norepinephrine in the area of th...

NASA technology helping injured US troops

...thritis, multiple sclerosis, Lou Gehrig's Disease, cerebral palsy, and Parkinson's Disease an opportunity to safely extend their mobility. Former Army sergeant Herbert Geddis of Springfield, Va., used the SAM walker at Walter Reed as an integral part of his recovery from Neurosarcoid, a rare disease that af...

Internal body clock dictates timing of different types of stroke

... been collected on a stroke register, showing that cerebral infarction, where blood flow to brain arteries is ...ng during sleep. But closer analysis showed that cerebral infarction had a higher peak in the morning and a lower peak in the afternoon than the other two. ...

New stem-cell findings can help the body to cure itself

...Professor Frisén is best known for his research on cerebral stem cells; the present study, however, has been carried out on stem cells in the intestine, one of the organs in the body with the highest rates of cell renewal. "We also know that blood, brain and skin stem cells express the genes that we now know...

New compound reduces stroke damage

...adult disability. An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral vessel occludes, obstructing blood flow to a portion of the brain. Currently, there is only one approved stroke therapy, tissue plasminogen activator, which targets the thrombus within the blood vessel. Because of the lack of available stroke treatm...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...d disabilities, including Down's syndrome, cancer, cerebral palsy, hearing loss and vision impairment. Although the number of children diagnosed with autism has increased dramatically over the past 12 years, the upward spiral may be due to better, more widespread understanding and diagnosis of the mental im...

Medium is the message for stem cells in search of identities

...to a population of early neurons in the developing cerebral cortex, a structure that helps coordinate sensory, motor and cognitive function. "This is significant because this molecule is frequently used to secure cells onto culture dishes in stem cell labs all over the world," said Bjorn Scheffler, M.D., a...

Birds going extinct faster due to human activities

...to a population of early neurons in the developing cerebral cortex, a structure that helps coordinate sensory, motor and cognitive function. "This is significant because this molecule is frequently used to secure cells onto culture dishes in stem cell labs all over the world," said Bjorn Scheffler, M.D., a...

Research offers new hope for preterm babies

...erable to a range of neurological problems such as cerebral palsy, blindness, deafness, low IQ levels and hyperactivity." "In healthy, full-term babies, a drop in blood pressure would generally not have such serious consequences, as these babies appear to 'auto-regulate' blood and oxygen flow in the brain. W...

Mutant mice show key autism traits

...e only in mature, or "postmitotic," neurons of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in the brain. These regions are associated with higher brain function such as learning and memory. The mutant mice showed major abnormalities in a variety of social interactions normally undertaken in mice, found the researche...

Where we change our mind

...ature of such sophisticated decision making in the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for high-level proces...d them to tease apart how different regions of the cerebral cortex process uncertain information and integrate it into decision making. In particular, their ai...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...ease or other medical conditions that could affect cerebral function. They also asked subjects to respond to a questionnaire to gauge levels of inattention. The scientists ran the same tests in 25 healthy control subjects with the same exclusion criteria. To measure dopamine transporter levels, each subject...

Circadian gene helps the brain predict mealtime

...port provides a tool for investigating the brain's cerebral clockwork responsible for predicting mealtime--with this tool in hand, it will be possible to anatomically localize areas of the brain that are involved in food anticipation. Looking forward, the researchers expect that this will allow the study of h...

Humpback whales have brain cells also found in humans

...and dolphin species. They found that the humpback cerebral cortex, the part of the brain where thought proces...rganization of certain cells into "islands" in the cerebral cortex that is also seen in the fin whale and other types of mammals. The authors speculate that th...

Brain regions do not communicate efficiently in adults with autism

...ncephalography (EEG) to examine connections in the cerebral cortex, the part of the brain that deals with higher cognitive processes. Compared to normally developing individuals, the scientists found patterns of abnormal connectivity between brain regions in people with autism. These abnormalities showe...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...frontal cortex, separated by several inches in the cerebral cortex, can coordinate activity. "If you are reading something, language areas oscillate in theta frequency allowing high-gamma-related neural activity in individual neurons to transmit information," said Knight. "When you stop reading and begin to ...

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