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Tag: "central" at biology news

Knowledge of dendritic cells branches out

...or "foreign " and launches an attack. Since DC are central to many immune responses, they are potential targets for the development of new immune therapies. Since their discovery in the US in 1975, it has been known that DC, like other white blood cells, develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Exactly h...

A new view on Lyme disease: Rodents hold the key to annual risk

...od meal from a vertebrate host. In the eastern and central United States, the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi infects blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, which feed on a wide variety of birds, lizards, and mammals, including mice, deer, and humans. Since human risk is a function of the prevalence...

A surprise about our body clock

... surface of a subset of bone marrow cells, plays a central role in this mobilization. The molecule c-kit is t...ents who suffered a heart attack." This concept is central to the exciting new field called regenerative medicine which aims to restore, repair and regenerate ...

Healing the heart with bone marrow cells

... surface of a subset of bone marrow cells, plays a central role in this mobilization. The molecule c-kit is t...ents who suffered a heart attack." This concept is central to the exciting new field called regenerative medicine which aims to restore, repair and regenerate ...

K-Staters design and build a low-cost remote sensing tool for environmental studies

...llect ecological data, which then flows to FLUXNET central locations, including Oak Ridge National Laboratory, for computer modeling the climate. "Our role is to study the tallgrass prairie ecosystem and how land management impacts that ecosystem. In Kansas, we're interested in how management decisions like...

Diabetes research takes wing thanks to long-lived fruit fly

... works in tandem with the insulin receptor that is central to diabetes. They recently received $2.5 million f...me protein as the widely studied insulin receptor, central to human health and to the disease process that underlies diabetes. The finding has opened up an unt...

Selectively blocking inflammatory signals may protect mice from MS

...ed genes that produced interferon-gamma within the central nervous system. In another set they also introduc...ogical consequences of IFN-gamma expression in the central nervous system during development." "We found this tremendously encouraging," said Popko. "SOCS1 p...

Study provides new understanding of spontaneous hybridization

...thus annuus texanus, able to expand southward into central and southern Texas. They then recreated the original hybridization event by manually crossing two parent species. Not only were these hybrids resistant to the insects that attack sunflowers, they also produced more seeds than the uncrossed plants. ...

AIDS vaccine research offers new insights on survival

...measurements of a subset of memory CD4+ T cells -- central memory CD4+ T cells -- could help predict how the ...ormance," says Letvin. "By measuring the levels of central memory cells in blood samples taken from participants in human clinical trials [to test the AIDS vac...

Scientists tie several cancers to common 'oncogene engine'

...s now apparent that all of these tumors share this central family of oncogenes that are functionally interchangeable," said Fisher, who is also a professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School. His team demonstrated this point by showing that when tumors in mice were shrunk by disabling one of the transcr...

Leptin found to control appetite and limb development in frogs

...elopment." The timing of metamorphosis in frogs is central to their survival, Denver said. If tadpoles metamorphose too soon they are at a body size disadvantage with little fat reserves. They pay the cost of immediate survival by being more prone to drying out, to being eaten by predators and reaching sexua...

Methane-belching bugs inspire a new theory of the origin of life on Earth

...mproves upon both previous theories by proposing a central role for energy conservation during early evolutio... the three-step cycle, House says, "are absolutely central to the idea." "This long-standing debate between the heterotrophic and chemotrophic theories," Hous...

Scientific issues associated with carbon-neutral energy sources such as cellulosic ethanol

... "However, because of competing uses for land, a central challenge for 21st century biologists is to increase the efficiency of solar energy capture to the theoretical limit by rational methods. In order to accomplish this we need to acquire and integrate all aspects of knowledge about plant biology into ...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

...od-brain barrier where it is made available to the central nervous system. Even if scyllo-inositol does prove safe and effective in humans, patients will likely still need drugs designed to attack other aspects of Alzheimer's pathology, such as tau neurofibrillary tangles, St George-Hyslop said. "Alzheimer...

Stem cells found in adult skin can be transplanted and function in mouse models of disease

...n to provide a good growth environment for injured central nervous system axons. These types of axons normall..., in the injured peripheral nerve, and even in the central nervous systems of mice that don't have myelin in their brains. While the research occurred in mouse...

One therapeutic dose of radiation causes 30 percent spongy bone loss in mice

...using properties and its ability to compromise the central nervous and immune systems. But the effect on bone health is an unexamined concern. The murine (mouse) model such as the one in this study provides a way to study the physiological effects of radiation using controlled experiments. Clinical studies...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with autism

...at the connectivity among brain areas is among the central problems in autism. The researchers have also found that people with autism rely heavily on the parts of the brain that deal with imagery, even when completing tasks that would not normally call for visualization. "Human thought is a network proper...

Dissecting the machinery of nicotine's reward

...amine. Such "dopaminergic" neurons are known to be central to turning on the brain's reward mechanism. The stimulation of nAChRs by nicotine makes them more responsive to their natural triggering neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (ACh). Receptors such as nAChRs are complex proteins that nestle in the surface ...

Himalayan forests disappearing

...rchers, because it yields new basic insight into a central function of behavioral planning in this higher brain region, called the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). The researchers, led by Hajime Mushiake of Tohoku University School of Medicine, reported their findings in the May 18, 2006, issue of Neuron. ...

What's nature worth? New computer models tell all

...gical Economics have launched a project to solve a central problem that this young science faces: creating a fast way for policy-makers to understand the specific ecosystem services in their area--and the impacts of different land use decisions--whether looking at a local watershed or whole continent. Over...

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