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Tag: "center" at biology news

Erectile dysfunction in diabetes is due to selective defect in the brain

...hypothalamus, located in the brain, an integration center between the central and peripheral nervous systems. The site is involved in numerous functions, including erectile function and sexual behavior, and is a primary site within the forebrain that has been implicated in penile erection. The investigators...

Researchers create artificial enzyme that mimics the body's internal engine

... the enzyme had been damaged and a specific active center was missing. "We found that great damage occurred, and that partially reduced oxygen species were produced in large amounts," Collman said. This finding led the researchers to conclude that all three active sites are essential for the proper function...

Using brain scans, researchers find evidence for a two-stage model of human perceptual learning

... "The lateral prefrontal cortex is known to be the center of cognitive control," Riesenhuber said. "That is where the brain connects physical input to an action or response, deciding what task to do and how to respond to a stimulus." In essence, fMRI was showing that both the higher and lower brain regio...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

...etardation and developmental disabilities research center at the Waisman Center at the University of Wisconsin. Until this discovery, researchers did not fully understand the complex genetic process that enables Schwann cells, found in the peripheral nervous system, to coat nerves with myelin. The Ne...

Mimicking how the brain recognizes street scenes

...ce, the Deshpande Center in the Sloan School. This center helps MIT students and professors bridge the gap between an intriguing idea or technology and a commercially viable concept. Recognizing Scenes The IEEE paper describes how the team "showed" the model randomly selected images so that it could...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...n mitochondria, in turn, allows the brain's hunger center to remain active when periods of food scarcity result in a "negative energy balance," said Sabrina Diano of Yale University School of Medicine, who led the study. Indeed, the researchers found, animals lacking either UCP2 or an enzyme that stimula...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

...osalia, a coastal Baja California town that is the center of Mexico’s jumbo squid fishery. During six days at sea, the research team identified 74 individual sperm whales in a 27-square-mile area. To locate whales, researchers towed an array of hydrophones from the back of a boat and listened for the an...

Selectivity is ultimate aphrodisiac

...serious look at the chemistry that has been at the center of so much literature, art and imagination throughout the ages. "Potential partners who seem undiscriminating are a definite turnoff, and those who evoke the magic of feeling special are a big draw," said Paul W. Eastwick, the lead author of th...

Action video games sharpen vision 20 percent

... the monitor. The students' vision improved in the center and at the periphery where they had not been "trained." That suggests that people with visual deficits, such as amblyopic patients, may also be able to gain an increase in their visual acuity with special rehabilitation software that reproduces an ac...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...jor domestic flight paths of migratory birds. This center also will carry out a human influenza surveillance...(principal investigator—Dr. Richard Compans) This center will conduct studies to determine how influenza viruses adapt to new hosts and are transmitted betwe...

Thymus transplants gives hope to babies with fatal immune disease

...ondition called DiGeorge anomaly. Duke is the only center in the world that performs the procedure. The latest results of Duke's experience with this treatment of DiGeorge anomaly, published Tuesday, May 15, in the journal Blood, show that 75 percent of the babies who received a thymus transplant were al...

Slowing the racing heart

...entions," said Solaro, who is also director of the center for cardiovascular research and head of physiology and biophysics at UIC. Solaro worked with Yunbo Ke, UIC research assistant professor of physiology and biophysics and first author of the paper, and colleagues in England at Oxford and Manchester ...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

... the components of actin and shuttling them to the center of the cell, where they are assembled into filaments. "We've discovered that through this pathway, lethal toxin blocks the function of a protein that regulates how actin assembles," said Southwick, who believes his findings may also explain how an...

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

...from light-capturing pigment molecules to reaction center molecules step-by-step down the molecular energy ladder. "The classical hopping description of the energy transfer process is both inadequate and inaccurate," said Fleming. "It gives the wrong picture of how the process actually works, and misses ...

Lessons from the orangutans: Upright walking may have begun in the trees

...ple branches with their toes and distributed their center of gravity more effectively, while keeping one or both of their long arms free to reach for fruits and other supports. Orangutans also keep their legs straight while standing on bending branches, the authors report. The exact benefit of the strai...

Putting feelings into words produces therapeutic effects in the brain

...ly labeling emotions turns down the amygdala alarm center response in the brain that triggers negative feelings. Creswell, who conducted the mindfulness research as an advanced graduate student of psychology at UCLA, said mindfulness meditation is a “potent and powerful therapy that has been helping peop...

Surprising origin of cell's internal highways

...us called the centrosome or microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). From the MTOC, the growing microtubules launch out in all directions to the cell's periphery. Their rapid assembly and disassembly helps transport proteins throughout the cell and generate polarized (directional) signal distribution that ...

Research finds that circadian rhythms dominate all life functions

...f Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. The center is located in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology. "We discovered that all genes have a significant change in pattern of activity -- or expression -- throughout the day. Every pathway of gene expression is affected by circadian r...

Cancer stem cells similar to normal stem cells can thwart anti-cancer agents

...ne 13 to 16 at the Westin Harbor Castle conference center in Toronto. The University of Pittsburgh researchers, led by Vera Donnenberg, Ph.D., assistant professor of surgery and pharmaceutical sciences, University of Pittsburgh Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy, used cell surface markers and dyes to identif...

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers develop 'off-the-shelf' vascular grafts

...ne 13 to 16 at the Westin Harbor Castle conference center in Toronto, has potentially significant implications for the treatment of heart and kidney diseases, where there is a critical need for new sources of blood vessels for vascular grafts. The saphenous vein taken from a patient’s leg continues to be t...

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