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Tag: "cells" at biology news

Gene therapy converts dead bone graft to new, living tissue

...its functions, structural support, even if all its cells are completely dead. A serious problem arises, how...ions as maintaining the brain and heart, runs low, cells called osteoclasts dig out the calcium from our bones. This is why doctors encourage post-menopausal...

Antibiotic Resistant Bacterium Uses Sonar-like Strategy to “See?Enemies or Prey

...bacteria can use a Sonar-like system to spot other cells (eithernormal body cells or other bacteria) and target them for destruction.Reported in the December 24 issue of Science, thi...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...," Golden said. "It's very hard to find targets in cells because cells are organized in ways we still don't fully understand. This crystal structure shows us where the bes...

Jefferson Virologists Coax HIV Out of Hiding

...ologyand Biodefense, and his co-workers took blood cells from HIV-infectedpatients who had been taking HAAR...irus. Using a special technique, they screened the cells with severaldifferent drugs to determine what stimulated the latent virus the best.“To our surprise,...

Novel Therapy Tested in Mice Could Chase Away Cat Allergies

... reactions in laboratory mice, as well as in human cells in a test tube, University of California, Los Ange...puts a brake on the release of a key chemical from cells involved in cat allergy reactions. That chemical, histamine, brings on allergy symptoms such as snee...

Sea skate experiment sheds light on human cell transport

...ldstein conducted an experiment with the red blood cells of skates to understand how these skinny, graceful...rompt an equally drastic physiological change: Our cells would take in too much water, diluting blood and other body fluids and rapidly causing death. So how...

Color-blind method opens new doors in DNA sequencing

...g, scientists first extract DNA from the nuclei of cells and through a painstaking series of bacterial cloning and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) steps, reduce its length to a manageable size of thousands of nucleotides. Using natural replicating enzymes, the DNA is tagged with four fluorescent dyes, e...

Yale Scientists Find MicroRNA Regulates Ras Cancer Gene

...7 RNA for normal development to occur. Without it, cells do not stop dividing and fail to differentiate into the normal structures of the worm ?instead they make an excess of their cells. After identifying let-7 as a cell division regulator, Slack's team used bioinformatics and found the relationship to R...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

...hat Tat-driven transcription proceeded as usual in cells lacking TAFs. And they demonstrated that it is Tat—along with its cofactor P-TEFb, which is normally bound to RNA through Tat—that recruits the TAF-deficient TBP. Altogether, these results show a surprising new role for Tat in stimulating assembly o...

Mouse brain tumors mimic those in human genetic disorder

...ntdiscoveries: New blood vessels and immune system cells may be essentialto the initial formation of tumors...in every cell in their body, whilespecific support cells in the brain called astrocytes have two abnormalcopies of this same gene.Their latest paper shows th...

Enzyme allows B cells to resist death, leading to leukemia

...ion and altered cellularlocation of an enzyme in B cells known as Lyn, contributes to thedevelopment of B-CLL. The authorsexamined leukemia cells from 40 patients with B-CLL and compared themwith lymphocytes from normal donors. They found that Ly...

New imaging method gives early indication if brain cancer therapy is effective, U-M study shows

...e start of therapy to three weeks later. The tumor cells block the flow of water, so as those cells die, water diffusion changes. In the study of 20 people with malignant brain tumors, the researcher...

BRCA1 causes ovarian cancer through indirect, biochemical route

...," Dubeau explains. "So we had some clues that the cells that control the menstrual cycle-the ovarian granu...as that while mutating the BRCA1 gene in granulosa cells did indeed give rise to ovarian tumors, those tumors did not arise in granulosa cells. Instead, when...

Needling Chromosomes Reveals Cell Division Secret

... chromosomes, called chromatids, is crucial if the cells are to divide properly. In this process chromatids...ch of twosister chromatids in cultured grasshopper cells at the appropriate timein cell division. Then, she would ever-so-gently apply force to pullthem apar...

Purdue proves concept of using nano-materials for drug discovery

...drugs to treat diseases. Membranes, which surround cells and regulate the movement of molecules into and ou...cells, making the treatment less effective. Cancer cells exposed to chemotherapy drugs produce a disproportionately large number of the pumps, causing the ce...

Scientists discover the cellular roots of graying hair

...f hair color to the gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous sup...outhful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigment cells in th...

Researchers identify target for cancer drugs

...stand a particular communication pathway inside of cells that contributes to many malignant brain and prost...rylation"). This process occurs not only in human cells but in other organisms such as the fruit fly. Finding this complex conserved in species as diverse a...

Fundamental Finding Yields Insight into Stem Cells, Cancer; Opens Door to Drug Discovery

...f hair color to the gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous sup...outhful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigment cells in th...

Scientists rid stem cell culture of key animal cells

...at allows researchers to grow human embryonic stem cells in the absence of mouse-derived "feeder" cells, lo... now, scientists have had to grow and sustain stem cells through the tedious daily task of generating mouse feeder cells from mouse embryos. Feeder cells, or...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a new approach for directing treatment to metastasized prostate cancer in the bones.

...f hair color to the gradual dying off ofadult stem cells that form a reservoir that spawns a continuous sup...outhful hues. Not only do the non-specialized stem cells becomedepleted, they also progressively make errors, turning into fullycommitted pigment cells in th...

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