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Tag: "cell" at biology news

Latent memory of cells comes to life

...research has examined the mechanisms behind latent cell memory, which can come to life and cause previousl...r simulations to examine fundamental mechanisms of cell memory. The research is an interdisciplinary cooperation between molecular biologists and physicists...

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

...g that culture techniques can significantly affect cell growth and function. This research shows that cell...ed inside the body. So Hoffman-Kim put 2-D and 3-D cell culture methods to a comparative test. Would the cells be different" Which ones would grow best" ...

Newly identified mechanism for silencing genes points to possible anti-cancer strategies

...xample, are actively producing proteins in a given cell at a given time. The remaining 90 percent are silenced by a various mechanisms that act to interfere with gene transcription into messenger RNA or translation of messenger RNA into protein. In a new study published online May 16 in the journal Nat...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...ate student Hee Shin Kim and emeritus professor of cell and developmental biology Jay E. Mittenthal. "We are using the techniques of phylogenetic analysis that systematicists used to build the tree of life, and we are applying it to a biochemical problem, a systems biology problem." To get at the roots...

Executable biology -- Computer science sheds light on animal development

...ed precursor cells differentiate into two distinct cell types in response to a series of complex biochemical signaling events. Cancer cells respond to the same cellular signals, so understanding the dynamic orchestration in the cellular environment has important implications in our understanding of cancer...

Danish researches solve virus puzzle

...The molecular biologists have knowledge of how the cell functions and of the interplay between the interce...ns of new vira. The virus penetrates into the host cell where it liberates its RNA which is a copy of the heritage material, DNA. RNA is like a 'cook book' ...

Intelligent materials to regenerate bone tissue

... biodegradable nature. Also to be developed is the cell culture in three dimensions, as well as ensuring the biocompatibility of the material....

Revealing the machinery underlying the 'plastic' juvenile brain

...acting at different levels—extracellularly, on the cell membrane, and intracellularly—might contribute to the developmental downregulation of plasticity occurring in coincidence with the closure of the critical period." ...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

To function, each living cell needs both to build new and to degrade old or dama... intracellular systems work in concert to keep the cell healthy and from clogging up with damaged proteins. When proteins or peptides mutate, they can prese...

Leukemia drug turns mini-molecules up, cancer genes down

...produced by this gene blocks the normal process of cell death and helps keep cancer cells alive long after...when cells that give rise to a form of white blood cell become stuck at an immature stage. The immature cells accumulate until they crowd out healthy white ...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

...t can cross the synaptic space of a targeted nerve cell just once to identify all the neurons to which it ...ns typical of a type of neuron, to see which other cell types they connect with and how those connections are configured. To do this, they need a tracer tha...

NIDA study identifies genes that might help some people abstain from smoking

...tances include cadherin 13 (a molecule involved in cell adhesion, which governs how cells recognize and connect to their neighbors) and a cyclic G-dependent protein kinase gene, which plays a key role in normal brain development. In addition to genes implicated in intracellular signaling and intercellular...

UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes

...th factor 1. Similar to insulin, IGF-1 stimulates cell growth while suppressing normal cell death. The team suspects that this mechanism prolongs the survival of older T-cells, causing a casc...

It's never too late to get it back! Aging interrupted

...ysiological changes associated with ageing include cell damage and the emergence of cancer cells. The most important effects of low calorie diets and longevity therapeutics given late in life may not be to prevent this damage, but instead to stimulate the body to eliminate damaged cells that may become c...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

...type of neuron in the cerebral cortex ?the pyramid cell ?is prevented from becoming over-activated. Their results show that a rarer cell type that links collections of pyramid cells ?called a Martinotti cell ?acts as a kind of safety dev...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

...and so this experiment did not allow them to see a cell sustain sunburn. This is, however, the first ti...the problem of UV damage in a new way. DNA in a cell is always moving, he explained. It bends and twists one way or another because it is a relatively fl...

Lighting up life: Cold Spring Harbor Protocols presents tips for creating glowing plants

... challenges to GFP detection: plants harbor tough cell walls and enormous subcellular structures that int...edure for nurturing mammalian cells for studies in cell division. Both of these publications join a growing library of high-quality methods from Cold Sprin...

Natural antibiotics yield secrets to atom-level imaging technique

...olecule's structure in the complex and challenging cell membrane environment, Ramamoorthy said. "Just as a...eptide or protein and to reveal how it sits in the cell membrane," providing clues for modifications that might make synthetic AMPs even more effective in o...

Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids

...alue, Frei said. They appear to strongly influence cell signaling pathways and gene expression, with relevance to both cancer and heart disease. "We can now follow the activity of flavonoids in the body, and one thing that is clear is that the body sees them as foreign compounds and is trying to get ri...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

...fluorescent marker protein may shed light on brain cell defects believed to play a role in various neurological diseases. The researchers describe how this marker works in mice in the December 20, 2006, issue of The Journal of Neuroscience. The marker gives scientists the first-ever opportunity to distin...

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