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Tag: "cell" at biology news

AAAS decries latest stem cell veto

...ch would expand federal support for embryonic stem cell research. AAAS, the world’s largest general scient.... The scientific consensus is that embryonic stem cell research is an extremely promising approach to developing more effective treatments for devastating ...

Modified mushrooms may yield human drugs

..., it transfers a portion of its plasmid out of its cell right into the mushroom cell, and integrates the i... "There is a high probability that if the mushroom cell has the hygromycin resistance gene, it will also have the partner gene," Dr. Romaine added. The d...

Understanding why C. difficile causes disease -- it's hungry

... for a protein that makes a hole in the organism’s cell envelope to let the toxins out. The last two genes are of greatest interest to Sonenshein and his colleague, Bruno Dupuy from the Institut Pasteur. One codes for a protein, known as R, that is necessary for the expression of the first three genes an...

A first -- Hebrew University scientist observes brain cell development in 'real time'

...mal, how a neuron develops into a rich and complex cell and how, once developed, neurons are maintained in the highly active and changing environment of the brain. As for further research that some day could lead to significant breakthroughs in treatment of neural disorders, Dr. Mizrahi noted that "th...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...B hospitals. "However," he added, "embryonic stem cell research was absolutely necessary to teach us how ...diseases, the paper notes. Among the insights into cell and tissue engineering gained from work with embryonic stem cells, it adds, are those "relevant to t...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...s found in nerve-cell membranes and stimulates the cell to fire when a nerve-cell-signaling molecule, or neurotransmitter, binds to it. NR2B previously has been implicated in the early stages of learning. The new research showed that when Cdk5 is removed from the brain, the levels of NR2B significantly...

'Nurse cells' make life and death decisions for infection-fighting cells

...ny as 50 destined-to-die thymocytes into their own cell bodies. Thymic nurse cells were discovered in 1...ny scientists found it difficult to believe that a cell could internalize another cell, said Jerry Guyden, a biologist at the City College of New York and l...

Gene expression patterns predict rapid decline in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients

...sues and organs (morphogenesis), oxidative stress, cell migration and proliferation and genes from fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. According to Naftali Kaminski, M.D., director of the Simmons Center and director of the Lung Translational Genomics Center, division of pulmonary, allergy and critica...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...nthesizes the receptor, both in sensory neurons in cell culture and in mice. The cells in culture were unresponsive to cooling agents, including menthol. The genetically engineered mice did not discriminate between warm and cold surfaces until the temperature dropped to extremes. "It's been known for y...

Human stem cell treatment restores motor function in paralyzed rats

...sis.” Marsala is currently testing the human stem cell therapy for safety and efficacy in other animal mo...period, with similar results. “Other human stem cell transplants in the spinal cord have focused on repairing the myelin-forming cells,” said co-author K...

Puzzling plankton yield secrets to role in evolution/global photosynthesis

...y transferred genes can account for changes in the cell surface to adapt to different ecological niches." Grigoriev and his colleagues noted the abundance of selenium-rich proteins that surfaced in their analysis, which he said allows the organisms to horde nutrients and reduced their appetite for iron—a...

Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage

... by a gradually spreading wave of suppressed brain cell activity. Many scientists believe that the phenomenon contributes to injury from stroke and from traumatic brain injury as well as migraine. While it’s been widely recognized that CSD underlies some migraines, Nedergaard’s team linked the pheno...

Salk scientists hammer out a pathway that promotes muscle cell survival in mice

...ular health in diseases affecting muscle and other cell types. "In addition to muscle, this regulatory...n and heart tissue, where it also seems to control cell survival," said Marc Montminy, M.D., Ph.D., professor in the Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Pep...

Hearts of male and female rainbow trout are different

..., ventricle strips were incubated in a respiration cell containing an oxygenated buffer solution with glucose as the energy substrate). Oxygen consumption was measured using a calibrated oxygen electrode and data acquisition system; or (2) electrically-paced (i.e., ventricle strips were electrically-stimu...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...imensional requirements of biological receptors on cell surfaces. Typically, receptors bind small molecules through a lock and key mechanism where the molecule is the key and the receptor the lock. The nature and shape of molecules that serve as keys tells about the binding requirements of the receptor. T...

Peramivir protects mice from lethal H5N1 infection

...virus particles and their spread from one infected cell to another. The St. Jude team studied different approaches to treating infected mice according to duration of administration (one day versus eight days); route of administration of peramivir (intramuscular injections alone versus intramuscular in...

pHLIP, a novel technology to locate and treat tumors

...pHLIP can move cell-impermeable molecules across a cell membrane, where they are released in the cytoplasm...a molecular nanosyringe, inserting itself into the cell membrane and injecting compounds into cell,?said co-author Yana Reshetnyak , of the University of R...

Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified

... which was lead by Frank McKeon, PhD, professor of cell biology at Harvard Medical School (HMS), shows tha...nd his research team then used the epithelial stem cell cloning methods developed by Howard Green, MD, the George Higginson professor of cell biology at HMS...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...and neurotransmitters, target a specific family of cell surface receptors known as G-protein coupled recep... M.D. G-protein coupled receptors reside on the cell surface where they interact with all manner of stimuli, including circulating factors such as adrena...

Cancer patients monitor fatigue in real time

...tudying fatigue in cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplants using a method successfully used to mo...gue three times a day for three days prior to stem cell transplantation and three days following the procedure. A signal from the device reminded patients w...

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