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Tag: "cases" at biology news

Sickle cell and protection against malaria

...o age 10, and then declined. It is estimated that cases of malaria causes approximately a million deaths yearly, the overwhelming number of which are young children in sub-Saharan Africa. It has been known for many years that in those areas most afflicted by malaria the gene for sickle cell hemoglobin (Hb...

Emergence of cancer as major cause of childhood death in developing countries is not being adequately addressed

...broadening the scope of cancer research to include cases in developing countries. This would facilitate studies of the roles that genetic background, environment and lifestyle play in susceptibility to cancer and pathogenesis of particular cancers. Such studies would be easier to conduct if pediatric cance...

Test for early detection of prostate cancer shows promise

...ike many disease-screening procedures, misses some cases of cancer and in other cases erroneously highlights noncancerous conditions. “This new blood test, when coupled with PSA screeni...

Leprosy microbes lead scientists to immune discovery

...imes succeeds in limiting the damage, but in other cases yields to a dangerous, spreading infection. Led by Stephan R. Krutzik of UCLA, a team of scientists that includes Barry R. Bloom, Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health, reported the work on May 8 in an advance online publication of Nature Medi...

First technology to remove prions that cause vCJD from blood launched

...d in the UK in 1994, there has been a total of 172 cases worldwide in Ireland, France, Italy, the Netherlan...s in the world says, "There have been two probable cases of human-to-human vCJD transmission via blood transfusion. Since there are no clinical signs or symp...

Turning viruses into allies against cancer

... London, who conducted much of the study. "In some cases necrosis was considerable." Like other oncolytic viruses, the modified herpes simplex virus used in these studies was engineered to attack tumors cells without harming surrounding healthy tissue. This virus also was further altered to increase its p...

Chromosome Deletion Predicts Aggressive Neuroblastoma

... a solid tumor in a child's abdomen or chest. Some cases of neuroblastoma are low risk, and resolve after surgeons remove the tumor. Other cases are more aggressive, and are more likely to resist initial treatment, or to cause a relapse. Identif...

Measuring hormone cuts antibiotic use in half in pneumonia patients

...to give fewer antibiotics," Prof. Tamm said. Many cases of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by bact...which require treatment with antibiotics, but some cases are viral, which get better without antibiotics. But doctors don't like to delay treatment in order ...

NIAID begins clinical trial of West Nile virus vaccine

...ch as fever, headache and body aches; more serious cases can lead to infections of the brain and nervous sy...such as encephalitis or meningitis. In 2004, 2,470 cases of WNV disease were reported in the United States, resulting in 88 deaths. Currently, no WNV vaccine...

OneWorld Health drug receives 'Orphan' designation from U.S. and European regulatory agencies

...dwide are currently infected; the number of new VL cases per year is estimated at 500,000; and as many as 2...00 people die annually. More than 90 percent of VL cases occur in five countries: India, which bears the greatest disease burden, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, a...

Norovirus found to cause traveler's diarrhea

A majority of traveler's diarrhea cases among U.S. travelers to Mexico and Guatemala were attributed to Norovirus, a common cause of nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks usually associated with developed countries, according to a new study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sc...

Tendency to hair loss inherited from the mother

...nherit the x chromosome from their mother. In many cases men therefore take after their grandfather on their mother's side rather than their father. However, this defect is not simply caused by one gene: "We have indications that other genes are involved which are independent of the parents' sex," Prof. Nö...

Symbiotic bacteria protect hunting wasps from fungal infestation

...t the most dangerous pathogens. As yet, only a few cases of defensive symbioses between higher organisms and bacteria have been reported. In their new paper, Martin Kaltenpoth and his colleagues at the Biocenter of the University of Würzburg show that the European beewolf Philanthus triangulum has evolved...

Low oxygen likely made Great Dying worse, greatly delayed recovery

...uey, a UW biology professor. What's more, in many cases nearby populations of the same species were cut off from each other because even low-altitude passes had insufficient oxygen to allow animals to cross from one valley to the next. That population fragmentation likely increased the extinction rate and...

Scientists reveal the shape of a protein that helps retroviruses break into cells

...uey, a UW biology professor. What's more, in many cases nearby populations of the same species were cut off from each other because even low-altitude passes had insufficient oxygen to allow animals to cross from one valley to the next. That population fragmentation likely increased the extinction rate and...

Important discovery about second most fatal cancer

...ues in Australia and Japan have shown that in some cases colorectal cancer can be inherited. The new syndrome is characterized by distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular features: # Early age at onset # More common in females # More common in right side of colon # Little evidence of tumour immuni...

'Smart drug' targets deadly brain cancer

...ther targeted therapies in patients with recurrent cases of glioblastoma multiforme. Collaboration and Support In addition to Dr. Galanis, Mayo Clinic research team members included Jan Buckner, M.D.; Matthew Maurer, M.S.; Brad Erickson, M.D., Ph.D.; Bernd Scheithauer, M.D.; Robert Jenkins, M.D., Ph.D.; ...

WHO suspends Marburg work, appeals for new funds

As of 7 April, 205 cases of Marburg haemorrhagic fever have been reported i...hened include the early detection and isolation of cases and the tracing and follow up of contacts. ...

Rabies spread speeds up

...itaire strategy limited rabies in Ohio to sporadic cases from 1997 until 2004, when a single rabid animal was detected - 11 kilometers beyond the buffer zone - in northeastern Ohio. By modelling the spread of past outbreaks, the authors had already shown that local transmission was significantly reduced wh...

Ebola virus: from wildlife to dogs

...d the Republic of Congo since 1994, leading to 445 cases resulting in 361 deaths. Ebola virus thus constitu...bservations also show that an epidemic or sporadic cases can appear at any moment in the sub-region of Central Africa as a whole. Moreover, during the lates...

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