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Tag: "carbon" at biology news

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...ent further than that. Since growing plants absorb carbon dioxide, a powerful greenhouse gas, he suggested t...s during the geologic past may have removed enough carbon from the atmosphere to affect global climate, perhaps even contributing to the onset of ice ages. Ma...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...nal factors like insect attacks, disease, elevated carbon dioxide, soil toxins, and drought on vital plant p...- or their ability to perform useful tasks such as carbon sequestration, phytoremediation, or the production of bio-fuels -- could also use functional imaging...

Why do insects stop 'breathing'? To avoid damage from too much oxygen, say researchers

... and (2) it enables insects to rid their bodies of carbon dioxide, respiration's byproduct, when the insects... for their cells to produce energy, the removal of carbon dioxide from their bodies is equally important to prevent its toxic buildup in tissues. "Even in our...

New research indicates a 'troubled' greenhouse is brewing

...s is known to have been a time of high atmospheric carbon dioxide from studies of the breathing pores in fos...f the atmosphere, this natural methane oxidized to carbon dioxide and created a global greenhouse event," he explains. "The past methane outburst dwarfed even...

South America's vast pantanal wetland may become next everglades, UNU experts warn

...ld. It says wetlands hold roughly one-sixth of all carbon held in terrestrial sinks, most of it organic matt... about 1.6 gigatonnes (17%) of annual human-caused carbon emissions, the analysis says. And by 2100, "the terrestrial biosphere, which is at present a carbon ...

World's largest rainforest drying experiment completes first phase

...mplications for climate change since the amount of carbon removed from the atmosphere during tropical drough...of the region towards savanna scrub. The amount of carbon that could be released to the atmosphere by this savannization process is significant --equivalent t...

Family trees of ancient bacteria reveal evolutionary moves

...Cyanobacteria ?bacteria that use light, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and biomass ?has conclud...organisms metabolizing sulfur and a major shift in carbon cycling. "The question is: Why?" said Blank. "My contribution is the attempt to find evolutionary e...

LUCA technologies confirms real-time methane generation

...ion of hydrocarbons to alcohols, organic acids and carbon dioxide. Thermatoga also thrive in high temperature environments, such as those found in sub-surface oil wells. "Oil within the Monument Butte field has a waxy composition that may facilitate the strong real-time methane generation we see at this si...

Live fast, die young true for forests too

... trees could also lead to changes in the amount of carbon stored in forests, though the direction and magnit...tly unknown and require more research. Atmospheric carbon dioxide, a heat-trapping gas implicated in climatic warming, increases as carbon storage in forests ...

PET/MRI scans may help unravel mechanisms of prenatal drug damage

...r "tagged," with a short-lived radioactive form of carbon (carbon-11). This radiotracer emits a signal that is picked up by the PET scanner, which takes snapshots of the tracer's location over time to show how much and how quickly the cocaine (and/or the metabolic byproducts that retain the carbon-11) enter...

Discovery Promises Simpler Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease

...s the third major blood gas, along with oxygen and carbon dioxide. Those findings suggested that nitric oxide defects might play a role in the cardiovascular side effects of many disorders, including diabetes, heart attacks, septic shock and sickle cell disease. In the current study, the researchers found ...

Microbial fuel cell: High yield hydrogen source and wastewater cleaner

..."dead end" fermentation product, acetic acid, into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Logan notes, "Basically, we use the same microbial fuel cell we developed to clean wastewater and produce electricity. However, to produce hydrogen, we keep oxygen out of the MFC and add a small amount of power into the system....

Buying Time Through Hibernation on Demand

... by exposure to gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. Known as oxygen mimetics, these chemicals are very similar to oxygen at the molecular level and so bind to many of the same receptor sites. As a result, they compete for and interfere with the body's ability to use oxygen for energy product...

U-M team recovers ancient whale in Egyptian desert

... by exposure to gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide. Known as oxygen mimetics, these chemicals are very similar to oxygen at the molecular level and so bind to many of the same receptor sites. As a result, they compete for and interfere with the body's ability to use oxygen for energy product...

NASA study finds snow melt causes large ocean plant blooms

... is 310 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Thus, as very large phytoplankton blooms deplete more oxygen from the water, the creation of nitrous oxide in the Arabian Sea could exacerbate climate change, Goes said. ...

Small species back-up giant marsupial climate change extinction claim

...d expansion of grassland. To verify their results carbon dating was performed on samples. And further work, due to be published later in the year, on other sites in the region confirm the stratification of fossils in the creek bed. The dig also failed to unearth evidence of human activity, suggesting they...

Anammox bacteria produce nitrogen gas in oceans' snackbar

...overed nitrogen loss has also consequences for the carbon cycle in marine ecosystems. Denitrification. The measurements refute the dominating theory that oceanic nitrogen loss results from the activity of bacteria that convert nitrate (via nitrite) with organic matter to nitrogen gas in the absence of oxyg...

Shutting down the HIV assembly line

...us hijacks that cell's normal machinery to produce carbon copies of itself. New HIV particles roll off the cellular assembly lines, burst like bubbles out of the cell, and float off to invade other cellular factories. Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigators have now identified an early step in HI...

NYU and MSKCC research provides model for understanding chemically induced cancer initiation

...nce of a single methyl group (composed only of one carbon and three hydrogen atoms) on a cytosine base adjacent to the damaged site. Without this methyl group, the bulky chemical carcinogen resides at an external binding site in the minor groove of the DNA double helix. However, in the presence of this sing...

Could microbes solve Russia's chemical weapons conundrum?

...y when P putida was grown in the presence of these carbon sources. By the time the bacteria had stopped gro... PHT decrease was 83 percent. In the absence of a carbon source other than PHT, the PHT levels remained constant. When no bacteria were present, the PHT conc...

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