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Tag: "calculate" at biology news

Migration alert -- How tumor cells home in on the lymphatic system

...oenvironment and developed computational models to calculate the gradients of the signaling molecule. The study provides the first evidence that tumor cells can both produce and use the same signaling molecule, and it highlights the significance of the biophysical environment in the vicinity of a tumor, pa...

New technique will produce a better chromosome map

...ges to analyze, computer algorithms can accurately calculate the number, shape and location of the chromosome bands. "Two researchers might see the same image differently," said graduate research assistant Mert Dikmen, who uses computer vision technologies under the supervision of Beckman Institute professo...

BMI not accurate indicator of body fat

...arnik used carefully measured height and weight to calculate BMI in more than 400 college-age people. They then used a standard method of measuring body fatness and found that BMI was not providing an accurate portrayal of the amount of fat a student had. ...

Phthalates now linked to fat, related health risks

...had fasting glucose and insulin levels required to calculate insulin resistance. The analysis found that, as expected, several phthalate metabolites showed a positive correlation with abdominal obesity. Indeed, men with the highest levels of phthalates in their urine had more belly fat and insulin resistanc...

Satellites shed light on global warming

... its pulses' journey down to under a nanosecond to calculate the distance to the planet below to a maximum accuracy of two centimetres. ESA has had radar altimeters in orbit since July 1991, when ERS-1 was launched, which was followed by ERS-2 in 1995 and Envisat in 2002 and will continue to launch radar altim...

Opening windows may be the best way of preventing transmission of airborne infection

...naturally ventilated rooms. The authors went on to calculate what these results might mean for transmission of infection and estimated that in mechanically ventilated rooms 39% of susceptible individuals would become infected following 24 h of exposure to untreated TB patients compared with 33% in modern and 1...

Biologists call for better choice of model organisms in 'evo-devo'

...make better use of the techniques that allow us to calculate how much an organism’s genome has changed over time, when making assessments about how much an animal resembles its ancestor, because this information can be helpful in estimating how much an organism’s phenotype has changed." Dr Wills added: "Est...

Dig deeper to find Martian life

...ombined with the annual radiation doses on Mars to calculate the survival time of dormant populations of the cells. Some strains are radiation-resistant and are able to survive the effects because, when active, they successfully repair the DNA breaks caused by ionising radiation. However, when cells are dorman...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

... number of beads absorbed into the heart tissue to calculate blood flow. However, calculating blood flow from the 3-D, scanned CT images was more complicated. Researchers used so-called deconvolution mathematical formulae to gauge the speed of blood flow through the heart and its feeding arteries and made s...

Mapping the mouse genome

...Ps in both groups of mice. Next, they were able to calculate their relative genetic locations based on how frequently they co-occur. They used this information to create a genetic map that can distinguish between two points 0.37 cM apart in HS and 0.45 cM in RI. Using their maps, Shifman and colleagues then...

End of deforestation in view? Experts advance new way to size up global forest resources

... growing stock, the researchers offer a formula to calculate atmospheric carbon being stored incrementally in the trees of a given area, knowledge critical for mitigating climate change. Says Dr. Waggoner: "A rapid forest transition at a global scale would mean that atmospheric CO2 might not rise as fast...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

..., or PET, scanning that allowed the researchers to calculate the level of dopamine activity by measuring the percentage of dopamine receptors on the surface of brain cells that were active. To do this, they used the drug raclopride, to which had been attached a short-lived radioactive form of carbon. The drug ...

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...s will be exposed to in deep space. They then must calculate how much damage is caused by particles with various energy levels. "There are only a handful of laboratories in the world where these kinds of high-energy particles can be produced," Britten said. His team will be work closely with scientists at B...

Coral reefs are increasingly vulnerable to angry oceans

... of an angry sea. They used mathematical models to calculate the forces that coral is subjected to –?events such as waves, storm surges, or tsunamis –?and the probability of the colonies being ripped from the seabed. Working with co-author Sean Connolly, Madin developed the model at the Centre of Excellence...

Stormy days ahead for coral reefs

...in and Dr Sean Connolly use mathematical models to calculate the forces that coral is subjected to by wave, storm surge or tsunami, and the probability of the colonies being ripped from the sea-bed. How coral assemblages respond to the power of the sea is essential for understanding the natural distributio...

Nanosecond-scale release of stinging jellyfish nematocysts

...acceleration of up to 5,410,000 g. The researchers calculate that although the accelerated mass is very small (~1 nanogram), a pressure generated at the site of impact is more than 7 GPa, which is in the range of that generated by some bullets, and sufficient to penetrate the cuticle of crustacean prey. The re...

New method confirms importance of fungi in Arctic nitrogen cycle

A new method to calculate the transfer of nitrogen from Arctic mushrooms to plants is shedding light on how fungi living symbiotically on plant roots transfer vital nutrients to their hosts. The analytical technique, developed by John E. Hobbie, MBL Distinguished Scientist an...

New findings offer more complete view of breast cancer gene mutations in US population

...ased on their findings, the researchers went on to calculate the prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in the general U.S. population. Among white and African American women ages 35 to 64, the prevalence of BRCA1 mutations is 0.06 percent and the prevalence of BRCA2 mutations is 0.4 percent, the researchers ...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...y mathematical equations to these measurements and calculate predictions of how the brain might be "learning" these simple movements. For example, by taking into account the number of repetitions it took for the subjects to push the joystick in the first direction to keep it centered and how long it took for...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...y mathematical equations to these measurements and calculate predictions of how the brain might be "learning" these simple movements. For example, by taking into account the number of repetitions it took for the subjects to push the joystick in the first direction to keep it centered and how long it took for...

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