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Tag: "brains" at biology news

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...e areas." By measuring electrical activity in the brains of pre-surgical epilepsy patients, the researchers have found the first evidence that slow brain oscillations, or theta waves, "tune in" the fast brain oscillations called high-gamma waves that signal the transmission of information between different...

Researchers discover mechanism that determines when detailed memories are retained

...ne tone with stimulation of a section of the rats' brains known as the nucleus basalis, which relays commands to the auditory cortex by secreting acetylcholine. During some experiments, the stimulation of the nucleus basalis was weak, whereas in other animals the stimulation was stronger. When the tones wer...

Protein 'fingerprint' in spinal fluid could spot Alzheimer's disease

...markers are associated with proteins that clog the brains of Alzheimer's patients. Others molecules were linked to inflammation, also a part of Alzheimer's brain pathology. Still other proteins in the panel were linked to synaptic dysfunction ?the breakdown of communication between brain cells that occurs ...

Unraveling where chimp and human brains diverge

...nnected genes whose expression patterns within the brains of humans varied from those in the chimpanzee. ..."It's possible that our genes adapted to allow our brains to increase in size, operate at different speeds, metabolize energy faster and enhance connections b...

Teenager moves video icons just by imagination

... Getting subjects to move objects using only their brains has implications toward someday building biomedical devices that can control artificial limbs, for instance, enabling the disabled to move a prosthetic arm or leg by thinking about it. Many gamers think fondly of Atari's Space Invaders, one of the...

Hopkins researchers discover how brain protein might control memory

...eagues, studying laboratory rats, found that their brains made lots of Arc protein while the animals were awake and active. In fact, it has been long known that stimulating individual nerve cells - by an act as simple as exploring new environs, for example - causes the cells to make more Arc protein almost ...

Mysterious 'neural noise' actually primes brain for peak performance

...But we've always been at a loss to explain how our brains are able to conduct such complex Bayesian computations so easily." Two years ago, while talking with a physics friend, some probabilities in Pouget's own head suddenly resolved. "One day I had a drink with some machine-learning researchers, and w...

First Quantum Grant to fund stem cell repair of damage from stroke

...d supply to allow it to be placed into the damaged brains of stroke patients where it will provide a source of neural and vascular cells that will continue to develop and differentiate, repairing the injured tissue in the process. "This project represents an integrated effort among leading scientists who...

Memories: It's all in the packaging, scientists say

... scientists were able to view what happened in the brains of subjects when they experienced an event made up of multiple contextual details. They found that participants who later remembered all aspects of the experience, including the details, used a particular part of the brain that bound the different de...

Natural protein stops deadly human brain cancer in mice

...elease BMP4-containing "beads" directly into mouse brains with implanted glioblastoma cells. Mice that got empty beads developed large malignant tumors and died. Mice with BMP4 beads survived much longer, and 80 percent survived four months after cancer cell implants. "Our idea is to treat patients with ...

Train your brain to hear your friends at a party

...e-back or adapt to a hearing loss over time. Their brains are being "trained" to cope with the hearing loss and distinguish sounds much better. The Oxford study placed healthy ferrets in a "ring of sound" where a sound is played from one of 12 speakers placed in a circle around the ferret and their respo...

Researchers identify neurons that assign value during learning

...earning holds true for much more complex mammalian brains as well. ...

A silent pandemic: Industrial chemicals are impairing the brain development of children worldwide

... chemicals that can cause injury to the developing brains of children. In a new review study, published on...nclude that chemical pollution may have harmed the brains of millions of children worldwide. The authors conclude further that the toxic effects of industrial...

How the brain weaves a memory

...ies of "study" words on a display screen, as their brains were scanned using functional magnetic resonance i...n regions, which reflects brain activity. As their brains were scanned, the subjects were shown words of different colors and that were located in different q...

Transplanted brain cells hold promise for Parkinson's disease

...overed partially. When researchers examined the brains one month after transplant ?a long time in the two-year life of a rat - researchers found endogenous dopaminergic cells and transplanted neural stem cells had both survived. Also, transplanted neural cells had formed synapses to communicate with each...

Anticipation plays a powerful role in human memory, brain study finds

... weeks before. That suggested that those subjects' brains had already started converting short-term memories of the images into longer-lasting ones. Mackiewicz says the anticipation of an uncomfortable situation probably kick-starts a kind of "arousal or fear circuitry" in the brain, which in turn helps ...

New brain-chemistry differences found in depressed women

...ron emission tomography (PET) scanner having their brains imaged. The women recalled the death or serious il..., or other major difficulties. They also had their brains imaged during a neutral emotional state. Just before the brain scans, the women also had their b...

Gene linked with mental illness shapes brain region, researchers find

...ne or no SERT-s genes. The researchers studied brains from 49 deceased people, with and without psychiatric illnesses. The brains were sliced thinly, the size of the pulvinar measured, the number of nerve cells counted, and the va...

Harvard scientists identify compounds that stimulate stem cell growth in the brain

...ral cell types. When stem cells isolated from the brains of mouse embryos were exposed to LTB4 they proliferated and differentiated, giving rise to additional stem cells and to differentiated neurons with limited or absent capacity to divide. When exposed to LXA4, these cells experienced decreased growth ...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...y factor in why the human brain evolved beyond the brains of our primate relatives. In a study comparing the...ronal adhesion proteins in human versus chimpanzee brains are currently not known, but the Berkeley Lab-JGI researchers are now conducting experiments to det...

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