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Tag: "brain" at biology news

OHSU lab finds meth receptor that could lead to therapy

A recently discovered signaling system in the brain has just been shown to be turned on by methampheta... "With this kind of pharmacological profile and brain distribution, we hypothesized TAAR1 could mediate some of meth’s metabolic and behavioral effects," ...

Scientists to track impact of Asian dust and pollution on clouds, weather, climate change

Mice whose brain cells respond to a flash of light are providing in...tely yield a better understanding of how the human brain works. Investigators at Duke University Medical Center and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have...

Common algae helps illustrate mammalian brain electrical circuitry

Mice whose brain cells respond to a flash of light are providing in...tely yield a better understanding of how the human brain works. Investigators at Duke University Medical Center and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute have...

How genetic malfunction causes a form of retardation

...ed in molecular pathways regulating development of brain cells. The NS mutations cause SHP-2 to be constantly activated. Specifically, SHP-2 plays a role in the pathways governing differentiation of immature precursor cells into neurons and glial cells. Unlike neurons, which conduct nerve impulses, glia...

Sleep enforces the temporal sequence in memory

...ly birthday party. However it is not clear how the brain keeps track of the temporal sequence in such memor... during sleep, and that this process relies on the brain replaying recently encoded experiences during the night. The same research group now provides eviden...

Stem cells decrease ischemic injury and restore brain function

...nism of action. Once introduced in the area of the brain hit by a stroke, stem cells induce the development...cells to turn into neurons in order to protect the brain from ischemic injury and restore brain functions. Their presence in brain tissue is sufficient to in...

Researchers hot on the trail of brain cell degeneration

...ns. The pathway is a factor in the degeneration of brain cells, which in turn plays an important role in ne...mber of neurodegenerative diseases, neurons in the brain are over-stimulated, which triggers programmed cell death, or apoptosis. The study shows that the Rh...

Stem cell transplants explored at Stanford as a possible treatment for hearing loss

...ound into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain so that a chicken, a mouse or a human can hear. Chickens, like all birds, have the ability to spontaneously regenerate these hair cells, which explains why there are no deaf birds. "This is promising because it means the genetic program for re...

Rewarding fat rats

... Conversely, increasing the level of leptin in the brain weakened the reward sensation. Their work has appe...avioral Neuroscience. "Trying to understand the brain mechanisms of motivation in animals ?and also in humans ?is not only fascinating for me, but also hi...

Researchers discover genetic cause for word-finding disease

...that specifically attacks the language part of the brain on the left side. What makes it so specific? How does the disease target the language areas?" "This finding will help us explore not just what causes the disease but the uniquely identifying features of human language. That's a pretty big questio...

Jefferson researchers' discovery may change thinking on how viruses invade the brain

...ttacking viruses such as herpes viruses invade the brain and cause disease. According to Matthias Schnell...such as rabies must be actively transported to the brain and central nervous system. The LC8 protein was thought to tether viruses to the cellular transport ...

Flavanols in cocoa may offer benefits to the brain

...ls may have the potential to help maintain healthy brain function and chart the course for future research ...tion of this flavanol-rich cocoa may extend to the brain -- which could have important implications for learning and memory. “This research is impressive...

UCLA/Toronto researchers unlock key to memory storage in brain

Scientists know little about how the brain assigns cells to participate in encoding and stori...mory in people suffering from Alzheimer's or other brain injury. "Making a memory is not a conscious act," explained Alcino Silva, principal investigator...

Studies yield insight into the numerical brain

...d by Cell Press, shed significant light on how the brain processes numerical information--both abstract qua... findings will contribute to understanding how the brain processes quantitative information as well as lead to studies of how numerical representation in the...

Parasite infection may benefit MS patients

...s had a neurological exam every three months and a brain MRI every 6 months, while immunological evaluations were conducted during the last 12 to 18 months of the study. Patients were followed for an average of 4.6 years. During the study period, there were three clinical relapses of MS in the infected g...

Largest genomic search finds genes that may contribute to autism

...otransmitter glutamate is released. Glutamate is a brain chemical that has been previously implicated in au...it begins to allow researchers "to go from gene to brain to behavior in a way we haven't gone before," she said. "This is a pretty big step and is a precede...

Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels

...ism that dynamically alters the strength of higher brain network connections. This discovery may help the ... bipolar disorder. The current study found that brain cells in PFC contain ion channels called hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel...

Statin plus cancer drug deliver combo punch to brain cancer cells

... Kimmel Cancer Center team has dramatically killed brain cancer cells by blocking those signals with a stat... knew from earlier research that hedgehog controls brain cell survival and growth, and that blocking signals in this pathway may stop uncontrolled growth of ...

Bird sex is something else

...e. In several types of finch and embryonic chicken brain tissue, Z chromosome genes were expressed up to 40% higher in ZZ males than ZW females. This contrasts with findings from the mammal samples, where dosage compensation meant that the male: female ratio of X-linked genes is similar to that of autosoma...

NIH announces phase III clinical trial of creatine for Parkinson's disease

...nd Canada. PD is a degenerative disorder of the brain in which patients develop symptoms such as progressive tremor, slowness of movements, and stiffness of muscles. It affects at least one million people in the United States. Although certain drugs, such as levodopa, can reduce the symptoms of PD, th...

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