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Tag: "brain" at biology news

Penn study on olfactory nerve cells shows why we smell better when we sniff

...on in olfactory nerve cells, which control how our brain perceives what we smell, explains why we sniff to ...n the air. The second is a peripheral drive in the brain to synchronize rhythmic activity, which is the concurrent firing of neurons in the olfactory bulb wi...

Study shows hope for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's

...tiate an evaluation until a considerable degree of brain failure has occurred. The advantage of using a mod... said the P300 signal is generated by areas of the brain that seem to be attacked at an early phase of Alzheimer’s disease, but the results are not always co...

Autism gene identified by researchers at Yale working with a global research consortium

...evere form of the disease. Autism is a complex brain disorder that inhibits a person’s ability to communicate and develop social relationships, and is often accompanied by extreme behavioral challenges. Autism Spectrum Disorders are diagnosed in one in 150 children in the United States, affecting four ...

Insomnia drug can improve brain function

...mally used to treat insomnia, temporarily improved brain function in a patient suffering from akinetic muti...d akinetic mutism due to oxygen deprivation to her brain following an attempted suicide by hanging. The patient was totally dependent, unable to speak or wal...

Vasectomy may put men at risk for type of dementia

...ng. The most common form of dementia caused by brain deterioration in individuals over age 65 is Alzhei... Many patients with FTD and PPA share a common brain disease that is completely different from Alzheimer's. Whether a patient will get the behavioral or ...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

... cancer cells and gliomas, the most common type of brain tumor, indicating that it has potential as a vaccine for patients with these tumors. In their study, the researchers used their new cloning technique to clone copies of the RPL8 antigen from a melanoma. The scientists then showed that a peptide of...

Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation

...e peripheral nervous system—the nerves outside the brain and spine. These disorders are known collectively...ion takes place in the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). Myelination in the central nervous system is not well understood. Multiple sclero...

Tracing broken wiring in stroke patients

... a technique to trace the functional disruption in brain circuitry that causes stroke patients to show a la...ing (MRI) technique for studying how disruption in brain circuitry produces behavioral symptoms. Maurizio Corbetta and colleagues reported their findings in...

Is there a pilot in the insect?

...w does a tiny creature like a fly or a bee, with a brain the size of a pinhead, manage to make such a magni... GPS, radio-altimeters and variometers. An insect brain wouldn't cope with these cumbersome, heavy, energy-consuming devices. This important work shows t...

Using brain scans, researchers find evidence for a two-stage model of human perceptual learning

Using advanced brain imaging techniques, researchers at Georgetown Univ... have watched how humans use both lower and higher brain processes to learn novel tasks, an advance they say may help speed up the teaching of new skills as ...

Canadian study shows bilingualism has protective effect in delaying onset of dementia by four years

...neural plasticity, compensatory use of alternative brain regions, and enriched brain vasculature, all of which are thought to provide a general protective function against the onset of ...

UCSF brain tumor vaccine trial shows promising results

...entral nervous system that occurs primarily in the brain has shown promise in preliminary data from a clinical trial at the University of California, San Francisco. Known as a glioma, this cancerous tumor is always fatal. Findings from a group of 12 study patients showed that vitespen vaccination (trad...

Bioluminescence at the service of a novel cerebral imaging technique

...vivo, in either a small group of neurons or in the brain as a whole. Participating in the development wer... structure is deeply embedded in the centre of the brain and has never been studied physiologically because it was always inaccessible to standard, fluoresce...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...kers could allow physicians to personalize lung or brain cancer therapy and lower the risk of unnecessary r...ation therapy, is indeed effective against lung or brain cancer. "It is difficult to assess the response of cancer in the brain or lung to treatment, si...

Carnegie Mellon University research shows how sensory-deprived brain compensates

...negie Mellon scientists show just how well a mouse brain can compensate when limited to sensing the world t... deprivation that results from stroke or traumatic brain injury, say the authors. "Our findings are the first to show this degree of brain adaptability ...

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

...ting displacement of dopamine receptors in certain brain cells, which alters their ability to function norm...cts of prenatal cocaine exposure on the developing brain is difficult in human populations because cocaine abusers often abuse other drugs. Animal models can...

Biologists prove critical step in membrane fusion

...icularly critical to keep hormones circulating and brain cells firing. Membrane fusion is also how HIV and other viruses infect cells. But membrane fusion occurs in less than a millisecond, making it difficult to see precisely how it unfolds. Now Brown University biologist Gary Wessel and his laboratory...

Natural gut hormone offers hope for new obesity drug

...ts, acting as neurotransmitters to indicate to the brain to stop eating. In particular, the researchers are interested in pancreatic polypeptide (PP), which they believe may provide a solution to appetite suppression and is the most likely candidate for translating into a treatment. "Developing a treatm...

Racing neurons control whether we stop or go

... "The research provides new insights into how the brain controls movements, which helps explain the impuls...athematical models can be used to discover how the brain produces thought and action." Vanderbilt psychologists Leanne Boucher, Thomas Palmeri, Gordon Log...

Researchers first to map gene that regulates adult stem cell growth

...ns in tissues such as the liver, skin, pancreas or brain may be similarly affected by Latexin. This could open up new therapeutic strategies such as using stem cells for the treatment of other diseases and conditions such as liver disease, diabetes and central nervous system damage as a result of trauma or...

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