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Tag: "bound" at biology news

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...aboratory studies demonstrated that IVIG initially bound very little single-molecule ("monomer") beta amyloid in a test tube. However, it gathered up much more of the protein when the amyloid was "aged" in a way that allowed soluble aggregates to form. These beta amyloid "oligomers" can grow into insol...

UCF nanoparticle offers promise for treating glaucoma

...reated a specialized cerium oxide nanoparticle and bound it with a compound that has been shown to block the activity of an enzyme (hCAII) believed to play a central role in causing glaucoma. The disease involves abnormally high pressure of the fluid inside the eye, which, if left untreated, can result ...

Blood-brain barrier breached by new therapeutic strategy

...ns of mice. They then injected the antiviral siRNA bound to the rabies peptide through the tail veins in one group of mice, while other mice served as control groups. All the mice in the control groups died from JEV infection; in contrast, 80 percent of the mice that got the antiviral siRNA linked to the r...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...or that has not found a key, and then treating the bound receptors with an antibody that recognizes the rec...uorescent label. The washing step risks removing a bound receptor if it does not bind the molecular key strongly enough. But, with an electrochemically addre...

pHLIP, a novel technology to locate and treat tumors

...pHLIP molecule has three states: soluble in water, bound to the surface of a membrane, and inserted across the membrane as an alpha-helix. Under normal tissue conditions of neutral pH, the water-soluble form is favored. At acidic pH, the transmembrane alpha-helix predominates. An earlier paper from the...

DNA repair proteins monitored at double-strand break

...d identify repair proteins and show where each one bound to the DNA. ...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

...Instead, a short tandem array of telomeric repeats bound by a Rap1/Trf2 complex is sufficient to impede non-homologous end joining in a highly directional manner." It has long been understood that chromosome ends are distinct from DNA double-strand breaks and that the cellular machinery that repairs DNA...

Heart failure: Intervention possibilities from imaging programmed cell loss

...sure the amount of annexin A5 absorbed. Annexin A5 bound to the damaged heart muscle. "We discovered that higher uptake was uptake with a worse outcome. Cell death is one of the biological events that worsens left ventricular events," said Hofstra. "Our results indicate that heart muscle cell death is a...

Changes in amino acids in the 1918 influenza virus cut transmission

...oratory and made to look like avian flu. One virus bound to only alpha-2,6, the second bound to both, and the artificially-generated virus bound to only alpha-2,3. The researchers were surp...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

... on the other hand, take the oxygen down with them bound to the hemoglobin in their blood and the myoglobin in their muscles, so they don’t have to worry about hypoxia at depth." By spending most of their time in cold, deep waters, he noted, sperm whales can take advantage of a vulnerable squid, whether...

Secret of worm's poison pill box protein could produce new natural insecticide

... that, while XptA1 was highly selective in that it bound to the cabbage white butterfly caterpillar, there were variants of this family of toxic proteins (such as XptA2) that targeted other insects. Dr Sarah Lee from the University of Warwick said: "This research gives us crucial new insights into a ...

Scientists use nanoparticle to discover disease-causing proteins

...veloping new drugs. Purdue University researchers bound a complex nanomolecule, called a dendrimer, with a glowing identification tag that was delivered to specific proteins in living venom cells from a rattlesnake. The scientists want to find a better way to ascertain the presence, concentration and func...

20-year study shows significant rise in childhood obesity, especially among girls

...demand less and less physical activity and this is bound to contribute to childhood obesity. "And as overweight and obese children become overweight and obese adults they run a much higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes." ...

Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development

...portion of an HIV surface protein as it looks when bound to an infection-fighting antibody. Unlike much of ...120. It was extremely difficult to crystallize b12 bound to gp120, says Dr. Kwong, in part due to the inherently flexible nature of the chemical bonds in gp1...

RNA enzyme structure offers a glimpse into the origins of life

...et where the reaction takes place. A magnesium ion bound to one stem and positioned in the pocket plays an important role in the reaction, Robertson said. The structure indicates that this artificially selected ribozyme uses reaction mechanisms that are much like those used by naturally occuring enzymes...

Biologists prove critical step in membrane fusion

Cells constantly swap cargo bound in vesicles, miniscule membrane-enclosed packages of proteins and other chemicals. Before the swap can take place, the vesicle membrane must fuse with another membrane, creating channels packages can pass through. This process, known as membrane fus...

Notorious cancer gene may work by destroying messenger

... to isolate PMR1 and the enzyme while the two were bound together, capturing both. After separating the two, the investigators identified the enzyme as Src, which is a member of a large family of molecules called tyrosine kinases. These molecules act like switches that turn other molecules on and off, incl...

Scientists map key landmarks in human genome

...ese factors can't bind to a stretch of DNA that is bound by a nucleosome; they can, however, attach to DNA "linkers" between two nucleosomes. With their new method, Fisher's group found that transcription factor binding indeed typically occurs in the "linker" regions in between nucleosomes, rather than in ...

Chemical switch triggers critical cell activities

...e is next to NEDD8, the notch catches E2, so E2 is bound to the notch, right next to NEDD8. NEDD8 then breaks its thioester bond with E1 and reforms it with E2. As soon as NEDD8 breaks its thioester bond to E1 and forms a thioester bond with E2 instead, E2 falls away from E1 taking NEDD8 with it. Then E2 c...

Cancer researchers add spice to research against rare neuromuscular disease

...ecule known as CREB-binding protein or CBP becomes bound up or entangled by the clumps in motor neurons. This smothers CBP's normal activity which involves turning on another molecule known as VEGF, a growth factor that is crucial for life and essential to the health of motor neurons. Chang's team found...

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