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Tag: "bottom" at biology news

NASA-funded robotic sub finds bottom of world's deepest sinkhole

...e in late May, finding its previously undiscovered bottom 318 meters below the surface and generating a sonar map of its inner dimensions. The vehicle employed autonomous navigation and mapping systems developed by Carnegie Mellon University’s Robotics Institute. During a two-week NASA-funded exploration l...

From the deep -- Researchers find new species of sea anemone

...id. Once a whale dies, its carcass sinks to the bottom of the ocean. Scientists call this a "whale fall." The anemones that Daly received once lived on the bones of a dead whale some 1.8 miles (3,000 meters) below sea level in a region of the Pacific Ocean called Monterey Canyon, roughly 25 miles off the...

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

..., better known as petri dishes, cells stick to the bottom and spread out as they multiply. But in the body, cells don't grow that way. They are suspended in fluids and gels and surrounded by other cells. And these cells aren't stuck; they move. As a result, some scientists suspect that hothouse cells do ...

Fast and slow -- How the spinal cord controls the speed of movement

...sue of the journal Nature, maps how neurons in the bottom of the fish’s spinal cord become active during slow movements, while cells further up the spinal cord activate as movements speed up. By removing specific neurons in the lower spinal cord with laser beams, the researchers rendered the fish incapab...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

...cting like a bird virus ?will infect them. "The bottom line is that you need two genes expressed in the cell or cell type of interest: TVA, to get the rabies virus in, and the missing viral gene so the virus can spread to connected cells," says Wickersham. Experimenting on slices of neonatal rat brai...

Action video games sharpen vision 20 percent

...cs. In essence, playing video game improves your bottom line on a standard eye chart. "Action video game play changes the way our brains process visual information," says Daphne Bavelier, professor of brain and cognitive sciences at the University of Rochester. "After just 30 hours, players showed a su...

New details on how the immune system recognizes influenza

... those associated with protective immunity. "The bottom line is that this study shows us where we need to go," says project director Stephen Wilson, Ph.D., chief technology officer at LIAI. "Hundreds of flu epitopes have already been published and are now in the database, but critical gaps become apparent...

Study finds surfing safer than soccer

...r had no bearing on the injury rate, wave size and bottom type, independently, were significantly associated...s in height. In addition, a sea floor with a sandy bottom is much more forgiving upon impact than one covered with reefs or rocks," says Nathanson. The pap...

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

...ute to self-regulation of Earth's climate." "The bottom line is that carbon dioxide-loading of the atmosphere could lead to environmental changes we have not even begun to think about, effects beyond acidification of surface seawater and greenhouse warming," said Donald Rice, director of NSF's Chemical Oc...

New technologies coming too fast for Indian farmers

... refers to this situation as "de-skilling." "The bottom line is that the spread of Bt cotton doesn't so much reflect that it works for the farmers or that the farmers have tested it and found it to be a good technology," Stone says. "The spread more reflects the complete breakdown in the cotton cultivatio...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

...what like the unpopped kernels of corn left in the bottom of the bag when you take it out of the microwave," Weinberger said. "They were exposed to the same heat as the others but did not pop. We wanted to know why about one in a million HIV particles didn't 'pop' immediately like all the rest did." Wein...

Antarctic warming to reduce animals at base of ecosystem, shift some penguin populations southward

...t are at the base of the massive food chain at the bottom of the world. "We're already seeing the marine ecosystems respond dramatically to increases in temperatures along the Antarctic Peninsula," explained Berry Lyons, professor in the School of Earth Sciences and director of the Byrd Polar Research C...

Einstein's tea leaves inspire new blood separation technique

...uses tea leaves to accumulate at the center of the bottom in a stirred teacup, a phenomenon first explained ..." the particles are instead pulled inward near the bottom of the chamber. Einstein proposed an explanation to this phenomenon in 1926 when he noticed that tea...

Surgeons with video game skill appear to perform better in simulated surgery skills course

...ter on the overall Top Gun score than those in the bottom one-third. "Training curricula that include video games may help thin the technical interface between surgeons and screen-mediated applications, such as laparoscopic surgery," the authors conclude. "Video games may be a practical teaching tool to...

Computer imaging assists with facial reconstructive surgery

...e drawn next to the neck and a line drawn from the bottom of the chin through the point where the neck and t...the forehand to the chin and a line drawn from the bottom of the nose to the chin In all patients, the porion to pogonion distance and the ratio of the...

Living with water scarcity -- world must act now

...nd the necessary actions to address these. "The bottom line is that water scarcity is with us to stay, and we have to learn to live with it. This will require making some hard choices now instead of deferring them until later," says Molden. It starts at home. Jan Lundqvist of the Stockholm Internati...

Human preference for other species could determine whether they survive

...uding Rockhoppers and Macaroni. Species at the bottom of the list are Adelie, Yellow-eyed and Little Blue. Stokes was surprised by the relative lack of popularity of Adelie penguins because that species is probably the most familiar to the public. There are 17 penguin species, and in the past some w...

Microbes compete with animals for food by making it stink

..., Hay said. "They are not passively waiting on the bottom of the marsh floor for the rest of the community to deliver feces and other wastes that are not useful to anybody else," he added. "They are also trying to grab what they can at the start." Hay hopes the research will make ecologists think more cri...

Researchers to study why dead zone returned to Lake Erie

...in fertilizer causes algae blooms that sink to the bottom and are consumed by bacteria, which consumes oxyge...onsuming organic matter from the near shore to the bottom waters. In the third scenario, global warming has caused the layer of bottom water to become thinner...

Teenager moves video icons just by imagination

... laser cannon that moves back and forth across the bottom of the video screen. Row upon row of video aliens ...the screen, slowly coming down from the top to the bottom of the screen. The objective is to prevent any one of the aliens from landing on the bottom of the s...

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