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Tag: "bodies" at biology news

Gene therapy 'turns off' mutation linked to Parkinson's disease

...-synuclein is abundant in structures known as Lewy bodies ?a diagnostic hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Re... Lewy bodies, a disease also characterized by Lewy bodies in the brain," Sapru said. The Bohn lab will subsequently test this gene therapy in mouse models of...

Scientists discover that widely available drug also helps fight kidney disease

... patients who had received rapamycin to help their bodies accept the new kidney. The research team identified a group of four rapamycin-treated patients and found that their polycystic kidneys shrank in size by 25% over two years. The polycystic kidneys in a control group showed no change. "Even though we...

Thin tough skin, slow-growing gills protect larval Antarctic fish

...ant," Cziko said. "In adults, we find ice in their bodies but these small crystals don't grow because of antifreeze proteins. Finding that larval fish don't have enough antifreeze really threw off how we understand survival in fish." While the larvae of one species, the bald notothen, survives using high l...

The giant protein titin helps build muscles

...ontraction and relaxation of muscle that allow our bodies to move. Sarcomeres are connected at the ends by Z-disks, thick bands of densely-packed molecules. "Sarcomeres are very complex structures, and for many years we've been investigating the steps by which they are formed," says Matthias Wilmanns, Head ...

Insects and mammals share common fat-building pathway, study suggests

...ound that flies in which the Hh pathway in the fat bodies was overactive gained less fat than normal. Conversely, treatments that blocked the action of the Hh pathway led to an increase in the insects' fat stores. To see whether the same pattern might hold in mammals, the team then looked to the mouse. Th...

Paleontologists learn how not to become a fossil

...For example, deep-water species tend to have small bodies because there's so little food down there," Jablonski said. "Small body size turns out to be bad news for preservation in general, and thus deep-sea species are undercaptured." Surprisingly, they found that burrowing clams living within sediments we...

The diversity of marine life in the Gulf of Maine region is much greater than previously thought

...lf of Maine is one of the most intensively studied bodies of water in the world, there has never been an undertaking to compile all species living there. This register is the first comprehensive list of organisms living in the Gulf of Maine, and the count clearly exceeds the commonly bandied projection of ...

Mayo Clinic researchers challenge sepsis theory

...perately ill with sepsis? Dr. Brunn explains, "Our bodies are not poised to respond to sepsis. Our bodies are held in check by the fact that this molecule-receptor system is constrained in its activity. Wha...

Blood flow in brain takes a twist, affecting views of Alzheimer's

...soline immediately after hurricane Katrina. In our bodies the process is particularly crucial in the brain, which is the body's most voracious guzzler of "fuel," with a constant need for oxygen. When part of the brain becomes more active, more blood is shunted to that region to bring extra nutrients like ox...

Loosen leash on cancer protein 'watchdog,' researchers say

...rt to stop hereditary cancers from overrunning our bodies - if they can keep it on a leash of just the right length. In a collaborative effort, a team of scientists including Purdue University's Susan M. Mendrysa has found that one of the proteins found naturally in cells has the ability to halt the progre...

Landmark discovery of a Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus receptor

...posi's sarcoma skin lesions began appearing on the bodies of young American men, many of whom went on to develop opportunistic infections. Dr. Berger became interested in KSHV because of his interest in how viruses enter cells. A decade ago, his research team was the first to identify CXCR4 as one of the ...

Major obesity gene is 'lost in the shuffle'

...om 15 to 22 pounds, gibbons possess lithe, slender bodies that enable them to swing agilely across branches and vines in the jungles. Ishida and Nakayama speculate that the loss of the ASIP gene in gibbons may have played a role in the evolution of the gibbons' uniquely slender body shape and size, altho...

It's not fair! We are programmed to resist weight loss

... Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), said our bodies have strong mechanisms to defend attempts to lose weight but very weak mechanisms to prevent weight gain. Dr King's weight loss intervention studies demonstrate the "plateau effect", whereby weight loss from exercise and calorie restrictions stops ...

Production of key Alzheimer's protein monitored for first time in humans

... only about 1.1 percent of the carbon atoms in our bodies are carbon 13--the vast majority is carbon 12," Bateman notes. "Physiologically and biochemically, carbon 13 acts just like carbon 12, meaning it won't alter the normal Abeta production and clearance processes and is very safe to use." Over the cou...

Study reveals how cells destroy faulty proteins in cystic fibrosis

...FTR for their cells to work normally because their bodies quickly destroy the mutant protein. "Most cases of CF are caused by the inability of faulty CFTR to get in the correct shape, which leads cells to place it in the trash bin," said senior author Dr. Douglas Cyr, professor of cell and developmental...

Successful transplantation from pig embryos to mice

...e of daily injections to replace the insulin their bodies fail to produce, as well as a host of risks that includes blindness, amputation, kidney failure, and heart disease. For many, particularly those afflicted with juvenile diabetes, transplants of the pancreatic tissue in which insulin is produced might...

Think fast! Rice undergrad unlocks nerve speed secret

...es. "Nerve cells are one of the few cells in our bodies in which vesicles are prepositioned at the cell membrane, because they have to be ready to release neurotransmitter to the next nerve cell at a moment's notice," said principal researcher James McNew, assistant professor of biochemistry and cell biol...

A protein complex that untangles DNA

Every second, the cells constituting our bodies are replaced through cell division. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found a piece of the puzzle of how genetic information remains intact despite this continuous exchange of cells. Their results are presented in the latest issue of the scie...

Finding paves way for better treatment of autoimmune disease

...st natural way, if we can find the compound in our bodies that can do the job," Dr. Iwashima says. He theorizes that this natural substance helps destroy non-regulatory T cells when the body gets too many, say after fighting a big infection, and that it may not work well enough in people with autoimmune dis...

Large dinosaurs were extremely hot in their day, UF study finds

...ing creatures can get before the proteins in their bodies actually begin to break down. In fact, the size of the largest dinosaurs may ultimately have been limited by their body temperatures, according to a team of scientists from the UF Genetics Institute, the National Center for Ecological Analysis and ...

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