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Tag: "blocking" at biology news

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...BB2 and EGFR, from receiving molecular signals. By blocking these signals, Tykerb could effectively shut down the growth of solid tumors, such as those found in breast, lung and head and neck cancer. However, molecular mechanisms within the cell, largely determined by genetics, could determine how effective c...

Global 'sunscreen' has likely thinned, report NASA scientists

... the Goddard climate models revealed that aerosols blocking sunlight or trapping some of the sun's heat high in the atmosphere were the major driver in 20th-century global dimming. "Much of the dimming trend over the Northern Hemisphere stems from these direct aerosol effects," Romanou said. "Aerosols have ot...

Gene expression test reveals ER and HER-2 status of breast tumors

...body-based drug that binds to the HER-2 receptors, blocking them from coupling with growth factors that fuel breast cancer. Last fall, the group published a study showing that a genomic microarray test can also predict a patient's response to chemotherapy. They also presented a paper in December showing th...

Statin plus cancer drug deliver combo punch to brain cancer cells

...team has dramatically killed brain cancer cells by blocking those signals with a statin and an experimental an...by the combo is tantalizing. Cyclopamine works by blocking the so-called "hedgehog" pathway, long known to promote and guide cell and organ growth. Excessive g...

Morphine makes lasting -- and surprising -- change in the brain

...hat morphine makes lasting changes in the brain by blocking a mechanism that’s believed to be the key to memory making. So these findings reinforce the notion that addiction is a form of pathological learning." Kauer, a professor in the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology at ...

Short chromosomes put cancer cells in forced rest

... as to what was going on; we thought for sure that blocking the cells?ability to commit suicide would lead to the cancer’s returning," says Greider. A closer look showed microtumors in the mice’s lymph nodes that had begun the road to cancer, but stopped, falling instead into a state of senescence. "They d...

St. Jude announces breakthrough in eye cancer treatment

...ye to the rest of the body." The discovery that blocking MDMX releases the apoptosis response in retinoblastoma has important implications for certain forms of adult cancers as well. "Some forms of breast, lung, prostate and colon cancer are caused by abnormally large quantities of MDMX in the cells," Dyer...

Growth factor stimulates rapid extension of key motor neurons in brain

...al motor neurons that connect to muscles ?and that blocking IGF-1 activity reduces that growth in both culture...ival. Tests in living developing mice showed that blocking the IGF-1 pathway in the spinal cord prevented the growth of CSMN axons, which confirmed the applica...

New study finds chocolate chip cookies lower cholesterol

...ool. The plant sterols lower blood cholesterol by blocking cholesterol absorption from food during digestion. Psyllium is an excellent source of soluble fiber and when consumed regularly, it has a positive effect in the treatment of obesity, high blood pressure, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, hemor...

Scientists discover way to block growth of prostate cancer cells

...hat I know has tried to reduce oxidative stress by blocking polyamine oxidation to prevent prostate tumours, and this is what we set out to do." Having discovered the role played by polyamine oxidation, the researchers with the help of their collaborators at Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, synth...

Hair-growth drug artificially lowers PSA levels in prostate cancer screening, study finds

... loss. Finasteride interferes with this process by blocking 5-alpha reductase and preventing the conversion of testosterone to DHT. The data in The Lancet study were collected by Dr. Roehrborn from 1998 to 2000 in cooperation with medical centers in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Indian...

Researchers link ocean organisms with increased cloud cover and potential climate change

...riments. Atmospheric scientists believe that by blocking sunlight, increased cloudiness has up until now partially mitigated the effects of global warming. The role of oceanic biology on cloud formation could therefore be a major factor in controlling global climate, and the new mechanism identified by Nen...

New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain

...or both CREB activity and nicotine reward and that blocking CREB in the nucleus accumbens was sufficient to block nicotine reward. ...

New drug blocks influenza, including bird flu virus

... flu remains to be deciphered, it seems to work by blocking the virus' ability to latch onto a key cell surfac...virus can't even get into the cell. The peptide is blocking the very earliest step in infection." Antiviral drugs are considered to be a critical line of defe...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

...found to be essential for cancer cells to live, so blocking it might point to a treatment for fighting cancer, the researchers report in today's issue of Cell. "We got the surprise that this mechanism is involved in cancer cell survival, even though it's normally involved in immune response," said Dr. Mich...

Tracing the formation of long-term memory

...showed that they could block the calcium influx by blocking the function of a protein critical to making the new synapses associated with long-term memory....

Environmental toxins may cause body's defenses to worsen lung disease

...nvironmental contaminants," Borchers explains. By blocking the NKG2D receptor, Borchers believes he can stop the immune system response and minimize damage to delicate tissue in the lung. Lymphocytes, the white blood cells responsible for targeting and fighting off infection in the body, continually survey ...

Researchers identify new weapon to fight deadly bacterial sepsis

...aborators have discovered that in laboratory mice, blocking the activity of a single enzyme known as aldose re...ith an aldose reductase inhibitor, they found that blocking the enzyme's activity restored the heart's ability to pump blood normally and allowed mice injected ...

Key to lung cancer chemo resistance revealed

...including chemotherapy agents. Biswal says that blocking NRF2 activity could improve the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy drugs, particularly platinum-based compounds widely used for lung cancer. In Biswal's study, half of 12 lung cancer cell lines and 10 of 54 tissue samples from non-small cell l...

HIV gets a makeover

...rts of the human virus -- the ones responsible for blocking replication in monkey cells -- with components from SIV. "Overall, the virus is a mixture of engineering and forced evolution," Bieniasz says. "It sounds simple, in theory, but it took us two years to do." Bieniasz and Theodora Hatziioannou, a res...

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