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Tag: "biologists" at biology news

Scientists narrow the time limits for the human and chimpanzee split

...rap-resampling approach." Penn State evolutionary biologists Alan Walker and Blair Hedges also took part in the collaborative effort. The team examined 167 different gene sequence sets from humans, chimpanzees, macaques, and mice. "In order to reduce the variability in this time estimate as much as possible,...

Phenotype is influenced by nature, nurture and noise

...edicted. Such noise is routinely described by cell biologists who record large phenotypic differences between su...e flask of growth medium. The mental picture most biologists have of a cell is of a smoothly running Swiss watch," said Hasty. "But our results and the findings ...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...e student Jeremiah Wagner, caps a 30-year quest by biologists to drill down to the inner workings of how plants, fungi and bacteria use light to guide their development. It will likely spur a rush by scientists to capitalize on the new knowledge and may one day lead to such things as plants whose growth, flowe...

Sperm trading can resolve hermaphrodite mating conflicts

...ial mates incompatible. For 20 years, evolutionary biologists have speculated that hermaphrodites may solve such mating conflicts by "trading sperm," that is, giving sperm only when the mating partner follows suit. However, this prediction had never been proven experimentally. In the new work, researchers Nils...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...ame to light in 2005. For example, plant molecular biologists pinned down the identity of a signal that initiates the seasonal development of flowers. Other research focused on a gene involved in stimulating flowering, and another study highlighted a surprising cache of RNA. The Nature of Neutron Stars: In 200...

Double trouble: Cells with duplicate genomes can trigger tumors

...t an idea that's been percolating along among cell biologists for many years but was never really embraced by the cancer community," says Pellman. "We set up this experiment to test it in a real cancer setting." A companion paper being published simultaneously in Nature by Randy King and colleagues at Harvard ...

Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce

...ism and even multiply within the macrophages. Cell biologists at the University of Bonn have revealed such a str...d release the multiplied pathogens. The Bonn cell biologists have demonstrated in the past that this cell death is 'necrotic'. This means that cell components es...

Why Christmas trees are not extinct

...ference affected water flow. In the new study, the biologists measured water flow through twigs from 18 species ...nd valves in twigs and their known dimensions, the biologists calculated the resistance to water flow of both the conduits and the valves. The scientists found...

Fish evolve a longer lifespan by evolving a longer reproductive period, researchers find

...tion. Focusing on guppies, small fresh-water fish biologists have studied for long, the researchers found that guppies living in environments with a large number of predators have adapted to reproduce earlier in life than guppies from low-predation localities. Moreover, when reproduction ceases, guppies from h...

Bacteria which sense the Earth's magnetic field

... It resembled a similar structure which structural biologists from Martinsried had already imaged in three dimensions in other cells. This shed light on the crux of the problem with the magnetosome chain: although in the wild type, the magnetosomes lay like pearls on a string along the filament, in the cells mi...

Getting an evolutionary handle on life after reproduction

...ince many animals live beyond their fertile years, biologists have searched for evolutionary clues to this extended lifespan. What role, if any, does natural selection play in the evolution of the postreproductive lifespan? For natural selection to shape the twilight years, postreproductive females should co...

The first laugh: New study posits evolutionary origins of two distinct types of laughter

... from the forthcoming Quarterly Review of Biology, biologists from Binghamton University explore the evolution of two distinct types of laughter ?laughter which is stimulus-driven and laughter which is self-generated and strategic. "Laughter that occurs during everyday social interaction in response to banal ...

Scientists must offer solutions for conserving tropical forests in a rapidly changing world

...Africa and the Amazon, "the commitment of tropical biologists must go a step further to include effective communication of their findings to decision makers and the general public. It is those who will eventually demand that governments invest in research and conservation of tropical forests and who will work ...

Researchers find gland that tells fruit flies when to stop growing

...growth should cease. Now University of Washington biologists studying the physiology of Drosophila melanogaster, the common fruit fly, have discovered an organ that assesses the size of the juvenile and signals when it has reached a critical weight to begin metamorphosis into an adult. The team, led by postdo...

Solexa and collaborating scientists illuminate the small RNA component of the transcriptome

...organisms. This extensive small RNA data will help biologists understand small RNAs and their regulation," said Blake Meyers, an Assistant Professor at the University of Delaware and a senior author on the study. "We have also released an enhanced version of our Arabidopsis MPSS website (http://mpss.udel.edu/at...

UF study first to quantify validity of DNA I.D. tool using marine snails

...cies around the world are disappearing faster than biologists can identify them, the need for a quick and accurate method of classifying life has never been more pressing, Meyer said. With millions of animal species on Earth, DNA barcoding can be a helpful identification tool for ecologists who may not necessar...

New study to explore cellular circuitry

...m the National Science Foundation (NSF), molecular biologists from the University of Rochester Medical Center will join a team seeking to create the first complete wiring diagram of a living cell. By wiring diagram, researchers mean a detailed model, not only of the cell's genes and their function, but also of ...

Scientists unpick genetics of first 15 minutes of life

...earchers used a type of mutant fruit fly, known to biologists as a s�same mutant, which they know does not form a proper male pro-nucleus. By highlighting the chromatin and watching the changes it goes through at different stages of the fertilisation process, the scientists found that the pro-nucleus in s�same...

U-M scientists say fused genes trigger the development of prostate cancer

... be collected very cheaply. Enter computational biologists around the world who have been devising ways to infer or extrapolate these haplotypes from the flood of genotype data produced by DNA sequencing efforts. Eskin and Ph.D. candidates Noah Zaitlen and Hyun Min Kang at UCSD, and research scientist Eran H...

California computer scientists double volume of data in NIH biotech repository

... be collected very cheaply. Enter computational biologists around the world who have been devising ways to infer or extrapolate these haplotypes from the flood of genotype data produced by DNA sequencing efforts. Eskin and Ph.D. candidates Noah Zaitlen and Hyun Min Kang at UCSD, and research scientist Eran H...

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