biochemical 2 7

Tag: "biochemical" at biology news

Most human-chimp differences due to gene regulation ?not genes

...rhaps something in the cooking process altered the biochemical requirements for maximal access to nutrients as well as the need to process the natural toxins found in plant and animal foods." This is just the first of a series of similar studies, said Gilad, that will look at changes in gene expression over evo...

Uncovering sex-change secrets of black sea bass

... with Canadian researchers to study the underlying biochemical mechanisms that cause the fish to change sex. In female fish, estrogen plays the major role, he said. In males, a steroid hormone called 11-ketotestosterone is involved. The scientists are now studying those hormones as well as the enzymes that contr...

Worm hormone discovery may aid fight against parasitic disease

... at UT Southwestern Medical Center shows that on a biochemical level, hormone-like molecules in tiny worms called...s food source are required to launch the series of biochemical events leading to the production of the hormonal ligand and continued development. Without these env...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...dundancies ensure that each task in the network of biochemical reactions governing DNA stability is accomplished, Boeke noted. Based on the data from this study, the investigators were able to separate the genes governing the stability of yeast DNA into 16 modules, or mini-pathways of genes, based on these gene...

New gene reduces retinal degeneration in fruit flies

...They found that this gene is required for a second biochemical pathway that controls the activity of a protein ca... as DAG. DAG is known to be made by a well-studied biochemical pathway. The researchers found that Lazaro provides a second way to make DAG, enabling the cell to m...

Predicting chemotherapy outcome

... used in clinical practice to complement clinical, biochemical and genetic markers for better treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. A research group led by Sandrine Imbeaud from the CNRS and Pierre and Marie Curie University, Villejuif, France, used microarrays to analyse the gene-expression patterns of...

Findings advance use of adult stem cells for replacement bone

... produce a growth matrix that is rich in important biochemical growth factors. The research, which appears online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is notable not just because of the science ?researchers found they could coax bone cells into produce up to 75 times more calcium ?b...

Molecule by molecule, new assay shows real-time gene activity

...thway is built upon their averaging of genetic and biochemical activity across large populations of cells and molecules, masking the essential randomness of the process at the cellular level. Furthermore, much of our knowledge on the workings of the molecular machinery involved in gene expression comes from expe...

Protein 'nanosprings' most resilient found in nature

...r very rapid translation of mechanical forces into biochemical signals, he said. The proteins' spring-like properties could also be important for furthering the development of nanotechnology, Marszalek added. "These nanosprings could provide a wonderful material anytime you need to provide elasticity or force,...

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy

... us precise control over one of the most important biochemical switches in the body. This area of study is so important because of the sheer number of drugs already on the market that could be made more effective by differential targeting." ...

Protein translation in sperm

...t for several hours. During this time, a number of biochemical changes take place within sperm, collectively known as "capacitation," that render the sperm competent to penetrate and fertilize the female oocyte. In their new report, Drs. Gur and Breitbart demonstrate that human, rat, bovine and mouse sperm all...

Discovery of new molecular tools for biosynthesis could lead to advances in use of pectin

...s show that pectins contribute to the physical and biochemical properties of the plant cell wall," said Mohnen. "...lacturonan galacturonosyltransferase [GAUT1] using biochemical and functional genomic approaches." While questions remain regarding pectin biosynthesis, "the iden...

Diverse tropical forests defy metabolic ecology models

...d testable explanations, derived from physical and biochemical principles, for a wide range of ecological patterns. However, in two Ecology Letters articles, Helene Muller-Landau and colleagues show that tree growth, mortality and abundance in fourteen tropical forests deviate substantially from metabolic ecolog...

The closest look ever at the cell's machines

...ods we are developing to combine computational and biochemical investigations of the cell." "This is an important milestone towards a more global and systems-wide understanding of the cells of organisms ranging from yeast to humans," says Peer Bork, Head of the Structural and Computational Biology Unit at EMBL,...

Natural selection at single gene demonstrated

... at the whole-organism level, researchers consider biochemical proof of selection "the Holy Grail" of population genetics. "What has proven very difficult is to connect specific molecular changes to selection," Nordborg said. The PLoS paper, along with other recent studies based on intrinsic genomic comparison...

Tastier tomatoes in the future?

...red and wild types. Their goal was to identify the biochemical composition of fruits and determine which factors ...entify parts of the tomato genomes responsible for biochemical changes. The researchers' findings could make it possible in the future to cross-breed wild tomatoes...

Rice bioengineers pioneer techniques for knee repair

...l to native tissue in terms of both mechanical and biochemical makeup. In a third, and perhaps most impressive breakthrough, Athanasiou and Hu used the self-assembly approach to grow the entire articular surface of the distal femur. Each of these unbroken samples were tailored three-dimensionally to fit a speci...

Simple idea to dramatically improve dengue vaccinations

...ed a precise computer model of the immune system's biochemical scanning process to see if they could recreate the effect and find out what caused it. Their program conducts statistical calculations about the likelihood of specific interactions at the atomic level. They conducted trillions of calculations and gra...

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

...study. KCNC3 forms a potassium channel, part of a biochemical mechanism that regulates the electrical impulses of bursting neurons. Although potassium channel mutations have previously been linked to episodic disorders such as seizures, this is the first time they have been identified as causative factors ?and ...

Web model of influenza-host lifecycles will aid scientists in creating anti-viral drugs

...com, was created in 2004 and includes a variety of biochemical pathways for processes such as cell death in several species, primarily human. Individual reactions are shown as separate items, which are linked by arrows to associated reactions. The diagrams resemble constellations; hence the "starry sky" nicknam...

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