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Tag: "biochemical" at biology news

RNA found in the cellular centrosome of surf clams

... genetic material. "Our research provides direct biochemical evidence that RNA is present in the centrosomes of clam cells," says Robert Palazzo, professor of biology and director of the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies at Rensselaer. Palazzo's laboratory isolated clam centrosomes and M...

Gene linked to rare disease activates fat breakdown

...orage disease. "These data establish an important biochemical function for CGI-58 in the lipolytic degradation of fat, implicating this lipolysis activator in the pathogenesis of CDS," the researchers wrote. Further study will examine how CGI-58 activation of the lipase affects energy metabolism in various tis...

Prion find points way to test for human 'mad cow' disease

...his result is an important step toward a practical biochemical test that will determine how common variant CJD is, and keep contaminated blood and organs from spreading it further." Creating such a test is a high priority for Soto, who is also director of UTMB's George and Cynthia Mitchell Center for Alzheimer'...

In drug design, a loose fit may be best bet

...activated within the cell, initiating a cascade of biochemical events leading to the unique and appropriate cellular response to that hormone. "GPCRs are the targets of roughly a third of medicines sold today, so if this finding for TRH holds for other GPCR targets, it could have significant implications for dr...

Methane-belching bugs inspire a new theory of the origin of life on Earth

...hat they found was not merely a previously unknown biochemical process--their discovery also became the inspirati...ring early evolution, based on a simple three-step biochemical mechanism. Their results also provide insights into the evolution of the microbial production of me...

Movie spies on malaria parasite's sneaky behavior

...e merosome, they further protect themselves with a biochemical cloaking device. They prevent the dying liver cell from broadcasting a chemical "death signal" that would normally tell a macrophage to ingest it. "The parasite did not evolve this complex system for nothing," Ménard commented. "It is probably ver...

Researcher gives hard thoughts on soft inheritance

...no reason to discount epigenetic inheritance. The biochemical nuts and bolts are there to support it. The big questions to resolve are how many epigenetic changes are induced by the environment, what types of phenotypes result from these changes, and how many of these epigenetic changes are inherited." ...

Harmful Algal Blooms monitored from space in Chile

...oisons bloom rapidly in water, causing physical or biochemical damage to fish and shellfish. Early detection of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) allows fish farmers to make timely key decisions in order to minimise the damage to aquaculture. To aid in this effort, a team led by Hatfield Consultants Ltd. (Hatfield),...

Plant protection from cold decoded

...ogy Jian-Kang Zhu has described how a little-known biochemical reaction regulates that genetic cascade. Zhu's fi...ly responsive gene 1 (HOS1), acts essentially as a biochemical gate that cuts off the plant's cold protection, Zhu said. The HOS1 gene product interacts with anoth...

Researchers find 'secret weapon' used by SARS virus

...irus protein called "nsp1" causes the breakdown of biochemical messages that normally prompt the production of a protein critical to defending the body against viruses. "The SARS nsp1 protein degrades the messenger RNA instructions sent from DNA to make interferon beta, which is crucial to host immunity," sai...

Genetic snooze button governs timing of spring flowers

...g, the biochemist emphasizes that much of the fine biochemical detail remains to be worked out. ...

Even when faint, ovary scent draws sperm cells

...cientists at Indiana University Bloomington report biochemical machinery that allows mouse sperm cells to follow the weakest of scents. Even when ovary extracts were diluted 100,000 times, some sperm cells still found their mark. A video demonstrating sperm chemotaxis (oriented motion in response to a chemical ...

'Sticky' mice lead to discovery of new cause of neurodegenerative disease

... this is exactly what they saw. They also detected biochemical evidence that the cells were making an unsuccessful effort to tag and destroy the accumulating misfolded proteins. "Our finding that this mechanism underlies a neurodegenerative disease was highly unexpected," said Ackerman. "It was perfectly obvi...

Researchers uncover new mechanism of tumor suppressor

...ance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and other biochemical and biophysical approaches to elucidate three-dimensional atomic-resolution structures and dynamics of proteins to better understand their physiological functions and relevance to diseases. ...

Magnetism and mimicry of nature hold hope for better medicine, environmental safety

...protection promise to emerge from a new method for biochemical analysis of fluids developed by an international s...ionals and environmental experts to obtain precise biochemical test results with only micro-level amounts of fluids. "By manipulating droplets so carefully and ...

UT Southwestern researchers find gene mutation that leads to 'broken hearts'

...on. The study suggests the involvement of the same biochemical pathway in human heart formation and congenital heart disease. "We were surprised to discover that a group of enzymes involved in lipid synthesis plays a previously unrecognized role in assembling the heart. The same mechanism is likely to be invo...

Ever-happy mice may hold key to new treatment of depression

...sing separate behavioral, electrophysiological and biochemical measures known to gauge 'depression' in animals," says Dr. Debonnel. "The results really surprised us; our 'knock-out' mice acted as if they had been treated with antidepressants for at least three weeks." This research represents the first time d...

Johns hopkins researchers find link between cell's energy use and genome health

...vert the sugar into other molecules in a series of biochemical steps helped along the way by enzymes that make each step happen faster. Focusing on two of these enzymes, closely related to each other, the research team separately removed each from the yeast cells to see if either or both were essential to the ...

Computational model simulates AZT metabolism in mitochondria

...ional model that allows scientists to simulate the biochemical reactions that take place when AZT is metabolized in cells, including their mitochondria, under different metabolic conditions. Drugs like AZT may interfere with DNA replication in the mitochondria, the energy factories of our cells, and can lead to ...

Study pinpoints protein's role in cancer spread

...otein called p53. In some of the body's cells, the biochemical ratio between MDM2 and p53 can become unbalanced c... interested in understanding how this happens at a biochemical level. "In the current study, funded by Cancer Research UK, we have identified protein fragments w...

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