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Tag: "biochemical" at biology news

Scientists discover way to block growth of prostate cancer cells

...ists have discovered for the first time a specific biochemical pathway by which the sex hormone, androgen, increases levels of harmful chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the prostate gland that play a role in the development of prostate cancer. They found that a drug that blocks this pathway sign...

Natural anti-viral enzyme helps keep cancer cells alive, researchers find

.... They are also screening cancer cells for similar biochemical pathways essential to their survival but not essential in normal cells. "This is making us think that there are many other surprises awaiting discovery regarding biological systems that are inappropriately subverted during development of cancer," D...

RNA map provides first comprehensive understanding of alternative splicing

...reviously identified as Nova binding sites through biochemical and, in collaboration with former Rockefeller University structural biologist Stephen Burley, X-ray crystallographic studies. Unexpectedly, this search revealed four discrete peaks where the binding clusters locate. Furthermore, the location of the p...

First major study of mammalian 'disorderly' proteins

...key roles in transmitting signals and coordinating biochemical and genetic activities that keep the cell alive and functioning. Kriwacki is senior author of a report on this work that appears in the prepublication online issue of Journal of Proteome Research. "Until now there was no way to separate IUPs in la...

Researchers identify new weapon to fight deadly bacterial sepsis

...nts conducted in cell cultures traced the specific biochemical pathways by which LPS triggers an inflammatory cycle that damages the cells of the heart. By blocking aldose reductase activity with pharmacological inhibitors or using small interfering RNAs (pieces of genetic material that specifically stop the pro...

Study illuminates how the plague bacteria causes disease

...late host cell biology is the mimicry of their own biochemical processes," Stebbins said. ...

'Conversation stoppers' fight deadly bacterial infections

... them." In the new study, the researchers provide biochemical evidence of an alternative pathway for NAE biosynthesis in vivo and demonstrate that these new routes are especially important for the creation of a number of NAEs, including anandamide. The researchers also isolated and identified the enzyme Abh4 by...

Nanotechnology propels advances in regenerative medicine research

... them." In the new study, the researchers provide biochemical evidence of an alternative pathway for NAE biosynthesis in vivo and demonstrate that these new routes are especially important for the creation of a number of NAEs, including anandamide. The researchers also isolated and identified the enzyme Abh4 by...

Brown seaweed contains promising fat fighter, weight reducer

... them." In the new study, the researchers provide biochemical evidence of an alternative pathway for NAE biosynthesis in vivo and demonstrate that these new routes are especially important for the creation of a number of NAEs, including anandamide. The researchers also isolated and identified the enzyme Abh4 by...

Study shows enzyme builds neurotransmitters via newly discovered pathway

... them." In the new study, the researchers provide biochemical evidence of an alternative pathway for NAE biosynthesis in vivo and demonstrate that these new routes are especially important for the creation of a number of NAEs, including anandamide. The researchers also isolated and identified the enzyme Abh4 by...

Distinguishing friend from foe in the battle against cancer

...lls are vulnerable to insult, but it also provided biochemical evidence that there is crosstalk between two survival mechanisms. Explains Tergaonkar, who is now an assistant professor at the Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) in Singapore, "Our findings show for the first time that the TSC complex c...

First biomarker for human sleepiness identified in fruit flies

Scientists have identified the first biochemical marker linked to sleep loss, an enzyme in saliva known as amylase, which increases in activity when sleep deprivation is prolonged. Researchers hope to make amylase the first of a panel of biomarkers that will aid diagnosis and treatment of sleep di...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...nds in a different way, viz. by means of a complex biochemical process which takes place in a special sub-structure of the cell's nucleus, known as the nucleolus.' These RNAs do not store information, being responsible for important tasks in 'assembling' the proteins. Importance for therapy The fact that R...

Biologists probe the machinery of cellular protein factories

.... "We can now explain a lot of the results from biochemical and genetic studies carried out over the past several decades," Noller said. "This structure gives us another frame in the movie that will eventually show us the whole process of the ribosome in action." The ribosome is a complex molecular machine ...

New dyslexia theory blames 'noise'

...ulate that the deficit in noise exclusion may have biochemical roots in abnormal levels of GABA, a neurotransmitter that helps the brain to filter out irrelevant information. "This may become interesting for drug development," said Lu, who is testing this hypothesis with functional magnetic resonance imaging...

'Tribbles' protein implicated in common and aggressive form of leukemia

...cleus of many types of cells, and depending on the biochemical context, turns certain pathways on and others off. Pear and colleagues knew from fruit fly studies that the Tribbles protein was linked to cell growth and cell-fate determination and is closely related to the Tribbles gene in mammals. In fact, Tr...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

... the connection itself was established. Using a biochemical approach, Desai and postdoctoral fellow Iain Cheeseman, Ph.D., have solved this mystery. In the December 1 paper, they identified a protein group that forms the chromosome-spindle connection and is present in even the simplest single-celled organism...

Scientists get best look ever at water-life connection

...for plant and animal cells, and they also regulate biochemical reactions. Zhong's project aims eventually to exp...nt answers on the speed with which these essential biochemical reactions take place. "A biologist will tell you that water and proteins must interact on a nanosec...

High HPV concentrations combined with smoking significantly raise risks of cervical cancer

...'s study, in fact, suggests that both may create a biochemical synergy that propels the disease. The researchers looked at "Pap" smear examination data from 105,760 Swedish women and identified 499 women with cervical cancer in situ, along with 499 cancer-free women as controls. For these women, they compared t...

Experimental cancer drugs counter muscle deterioration seen in muscular dystrophy

...ration with Dr. Vittorio Sartorelli at NIH, on the biochemical and molecular mechanism regulating the expression of genes that coordinate muscle regeneration. These studies led to the identification of different enzymes (called acetyltransferases and deacetylases) that promote or inhibit the expression of regene...

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