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Tag: "biochemical" at biology news

Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death

...e discovery of how some abnormal cells can avoid a biochemical program of self-destruction by increasing their energy level and repairing the damage, is giving investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital insights into a key strategy cancer cells use to survive and thrive. The finding offers an explan...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...aped bacteria) cells initiate a series of genetic, biochemical and structural events that result in the formation...ficant progress has been made in understanding the biochemical and genetic bases of the spore germination process, it is still unclear how a spore breaks out of it...

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

...size that some airborne microorganisms have “novel biochemical processes for interacting with each other as a com...xplained, “We know that microbes mediate important biochemical processes in the soil and the ocean. It is not so farfetched that a similar drama unfolds in the atm...

Helping chlorine-eating bacteria clean up toxic waste

...NS), a firm specializing in computer simulation of biochemical processes, to create computer models of the inner workings of the bacterium. The project is funded by a three-year, $381,000 grant from the Department of Defense, which has some 6,000 toxic-dump sites of its own to clean up. Richardson explained t...

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...ing so and applying this technology, we also found biochemical targets that hold promise for future treatments of a variety of cognitive disorders," he said. The researchers also recorded nerve-cell firings in the hippocampus, an area of the brain associated with learning. Hippocampus slices from the knock-o...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...ve endings do this to begin with" And what are the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms that account for this"" All three receptors the Julius lab has discovered are members of the TRP family of ion channels expressed on sensory neurons. The latest finding adds to the evidence, says Julius, that TRP channel...

Does amateur boxing cause brain damage?

...ture to determine if there were elevated levels of biochemical markers for brain injury in the cerebrospinal flui...m long and high goal kicks. No increased levels of biochemical markers for brain damage in cerebrospinal fluid were found. "This data shows headings in soccer is n...

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...on, the researchers found. Also, both types showed biochemical abnormalities in the function of the protein produced by the DISC1 gene. The researchers concluded that the different effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs on the two mutant strains "might provide clues to effective medications for the...

Nitric oxide: Key to cardiovascular and pulmonary function and drug effectiveness

...l and are "turned off." In animal, cellular and biochemical experiments, the researchers found that a lack of nitric oxide leads to a decrease in beta adrenergic receptor number and function. Also, the researchers found that when SNO compounds were administered to mice they could prevent the receptors from be...

Genetic roots of bipolar disorder revealed by first genome-wide study of illness

...correlated with the disorder, DGKH, is active in a biochemical pathway through which lithium is thought to exert ... study produce proteins involved in this and other biochemical pathways thought to play a role in bipolar disorder. Understanding the effects that variations of t...

DNA repair proteins monitored at double-strand break

... nucleus and cleaves the DNA. The team then used a biochemical technique called chromatin immunoprecipitation to collect and identify repair proteins and show where each one bound to the DNA. ...

Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks

...nd Joining at Human Telomeric DNA Ends" employed a biochemical assay for double-strand break repair to define the minimal requirements for the protection of telomeric DNA at the ends of chromosomes. "Surprisingly, we found that neither long single-stranded overhangs nor t-loop formation is essential to preven...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...uild the tree of life, and we are applying it to a biochemical problem, a systems biology problem." To get at the roots of protein evolution, the researchers examined metabolic proteins at the level of their component structures: easily recognizable folds in the proteins that have known enzymatic activities. ...

Executable biology -- Computer science sheds light on animal development

...inct cell types in response to a series of complex biochemical signaling events. Cancer cells respond to the same cellular signals, so understanding the dynamic orchestration in the cellular environment has important implications in our understanding of cancer metastasis as well as normal development. Tradit...

Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat

...n compounds." Researchers know little about the biochemical mechanisms involved when larvae - the early stages of the gnat-sized Hessian fly - try to feed on resistant wheat plants that are able to defend themselves, Shukle said. While the insects can't establish feeding sites on resistant plants, the larvae...

Brown cancer biologists identify major player in cell growth

...ocess of cell division, there is a period when the biochemical brakes are put on and cells become inactive. Then the process is kick-started and cells move into the so-called S phase, when DNA is duplicated. This is a critical juncture. If genes are missing or broken, these alterations are passed on to the new c...

Bacterial walls come tumbling down

...ortion of the enzyme used in the first step of the biochemical pathway that initiates assembly of the sugar coati...er sugars. This process is used in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including allergic responses and cell signaling in cancer. ...

How fish species suffer as a result of warmer waters

...ply is the first to deteriorate, followed by other biochemical stress responses. Finally, oxygen supply fails entirely, leaving the organism to perish. These results represent a significant step forward towards understanding the mechanisms involved in climate-induced alterations in marine ecosystems. The pape...

Cancer-killing invention also harvests stem cells

...ce captures it and delivers an apoptosis signal, a biochemical way of telling the cancer cell to kill itself. Within two days, that cancer cell is dead. Normal cells are left totally unharmed because the device selectively targets cancer cells. The apoptosis signal is delivered by a molecule called TRAIL t...

Technology reveals 'lock and key' proteins behind diseases

...eveloped at the University of Toronto is revealing biochemical processes responsible for diseases such as cystic ...ential pharmaceutical targets. Through a series of biochemical and genetic tests, the researchers discovered that one of these interactors, Tus1p, regulates Ycf1p ...

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